As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 23, 2023

Registration Statement No 333-            

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Marpai, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware		8090		86-1916231
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

615 Channelside Drive, Suite 207

Tampa, Florida 33602

(646) 303-3483

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Mr. Edmundo Gonzalez

Chief Executive Officer

Marpai, Inc.

615 Channelside Drive, Suite 207

Tampa, Florida 33602

(646) 303-3483

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

 

Oded Har-Even, Esq. Ron Ben-Bassat, Esq. Sullivan & Worcester LLP 1633 Broadway New York, New York 10019 Tel: (212) 660-5000 Facsimile: (212) 660-3001		Brad Shiffman, Esq. Blank Rome LLP 1271 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10020 Tel: (212) 885-5000

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.  ☒

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of  “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer		☐		Accelerated filer		☐
Non-accelerated filer		☒		Smaller reporting company		☒
				Emerging growth company		☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

 

 

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

The information contained in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS		SUBJECT TO COMPLETION		DATED AUGUST 23, 2023

                 Shares

Common Stock

 

Marpai, Inc.

 

 

This is a firm commitment public offering of shares of common stock par value $0.0001 per share of Marpai, Inc. based on an assumed public offering price of $                 per share (which is based on the last reported sales price of our common stock of on                  2023).

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “MRAI.” On August 18, 2023, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $1.21 per share. The actual public offering price per share of common stock will be determined between us and the representative of the underwriters at the time of pricing and may be at a discount to the current market price. Therefore, the assumed public offering price used throughout this prospectus may not be indicative of the final offering price.

We are an “emerging growth company” under the federal securities laws and have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements.

Investing in our common stock is involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

		Per Share				Total
Public offering price		$				$
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)		$				$
Proceeds to us, before expenses		$				$

 

(1)	Underwriting discounts and commissions do not include a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1.0% of the public offering price payable to the underwriters. We refer you to “Underwriting” beginning on page [    ] for additional information regarding underwriters’ compensation.

We have granted a 45-day option to the representative of the underwriters to purchase up to                  additional shares of common stock solely to cover over-allotments, if any.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about                 , 2023.

ThinkEquity

The date of this prospectus is                     , 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus

 

Trademarks			1
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements			2
Market, Industry and Other Data			4
Prospectus Summary			5
The Offering			15
Summary Financial Data			17
Risk Factors			19
Use of Proceeds			48
Dividend Policy			50
Capitalization			51
Dilution			52
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			54
Business			65
Management			79
Executive Compensation			87
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions			93
Principal Stockholders			97
Description of Capital Stock			99
Shares Eligible for Future Sale			102
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Holders of Our Common Stock			103
Underwriting			107
Legal Matters			116
Experts			116
Where You Can Find Additional Information			116
Index to Financial Statements			F-1

We and the underwriters have not authorized anyone to provide you any information other than that contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectus prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you, and you should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any such free writing prospectus. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We and the underwriters are not making an offer to sell nor a solicitation of any offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

For investors outside of the United States: we have not and the underwriters have not done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than the United States. Persons outside of the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside of the United States.

TRADEMARKS

Our logo and some of our trademarks and tradenames are used in this prospectus. This prospectus also includes trademarks, tradenames and service marks that are the property of other organizations. Solely for convenience, trademarks, tradenames and service marks referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ^®, TM and SM symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert to the fullest extent under applicable law our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, tradenames and service marks.

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other securities laws. Also, whenever we use words such as “potential,” “possible,” “continue,” “believes,” “intends,” “plans,” “expects,” “estimate,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipates” and negatives or derivatives of these or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon our present intent, beliefs or expectations, but forward-looking statements are not guaranteed to occur and may not occur. Forward-looking statements are based on information we have when those statements are made or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events, and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, but are not limited to:

 

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our ability to effectively manage our operations and achieve growth, as well as integrate Maestro Health, LLC;

 

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our ability to protect our intellectual property and continue to innovate;

 

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our expectations of the financial performance of the Company;

 

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our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees, or directors;

 

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the potential insufficiency of our disclosure controls and procedures to detect errors or acts of fraud;

 

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the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and needs for additional financing;

 

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the success of competing products or technologies that are or may become available;

 

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our potential ability to obtain additional financing;

 

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our expectations regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on our ability to grow the business;

 

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acts of terrorism, outbreaks of pandemics or other significant adverse public health safety events or conditions, war or other hostilities, supply chain disruptions, or other manmade natural disasters beyond our control;

 

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compliance with, and changes to federal, state and local laws and regulations, accounting rules, tax laws and similar matters;

 

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the impact of healthcare reform legislations;

 

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our continued listing on Nasdaq;

 

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our public securities’ potential liquidity and trading; and

 

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our expectations regarding the period during which we qualify as an emerging growth company under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”); and our current and future capital requirements and our ability to satisfy our capital needs through financing transactions or otherwise.

The foregoing does not represent an exhaustive list of matters that may be covered by the forward-looking statements contained herein or risk factors that we are faced with that may cause our actual results to differ from those anticipated in our forward-looking statements. Please see “Risk Factors” for additional risks that could adversely impact our business and financial performance. Moreover, new risks regularly emerge and it is not possible for our management to predict or articulate all the risks we face, nor can we assess the impact of all risks on our business or the extent to which any risk, or combination of risks, may cause actual results to differ from those contained in any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements included in this prospectus are based on information available to us on the date of this prospectus. Except to the extent required by

 

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applicable laws or rules, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained above and throughout this prospectus.

 

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MARKET, INDUSTRY AND OTHER DATA

We obtained the statistical data, market data and other industry data and forecasts described in this prospectus from market research, publicly available information and industry publications. Industry publications generally state that they obtain their information from sources that they believe to be reliable, but they do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the information. Similarly, while we believe that the statistical data, industry data and forecasts and market research are reliable, we have not independently verified the data, and we do not make any representation as to the accuracy of the information. We have not sought the consent of the sources to refer to their reports appearing or incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

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SUMMARY FINANCIAL DATA

The following table summarizes the relevant financial data for our business for the periods and at the dates indicated and should be read with our financial statements, which are included in this prospectus. We have not had any significant operations to date, so only balance sheet data is presented.

The following tables present our summary statements of operations and balance sheet data and should be read together with our audited and unaudited financial statements and accompanying notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The consolidated statements of operations data for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 and the summary consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2023 is derived from our unaudited annual financial statements, which financial statements are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with our audited financial statements included in this prospectus and include, in our opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial information in those statements. The historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in any future period.

 

		Three months ended June 30,
Statements of Operations Data:		2023				2022
Revenue		$	10,046,980			$	5,556,506
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)			6,429,688				4,151,560
General and administrative			5,725,071				2,319,977
Sales and marketing			1,473,311				2,216,788
Information technology			1,319,443				1,189,733
Research and development			523,432				1,309,157
Depreciation and amortization			1,002,946				776,411
Loss on disposal of assets			343,588				60,471
Facilities			500,189				196,341
Total costs and expenses			17,317,668				12,220,438
Operating loss			(7,270,688	)			(6,663,932	)
Other income (expenses)
Other income			50,451				(9,706	)
Interest expense, net			(333,279	)			(562	)
Foreign exchange (loss) gain			(3,104	)			9,418
Loss before provision for income taxes			(7,556,620	)			(6,664,782	)
Net loss		$	(7,556,620	)		$	(6,664,782	)
Net loss per share, basic & fully diluted (1)		$	(1.10	)		$	(1.34	)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, basic and diluted (1)			6,844,778				4,961,836

 

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		June 30, 2023
Balance Sheet Data:		Actual				As Adjusted(1)
Working capital		$	1,515,988			$
Total current assets		$	23,749,391			$
Total current liabilities		$	22,233,403			$
Stockholder’s (deficit) equity		$	(2,668,760	)		$

 

(1)

The as adjusted balance sheet data in the table above reflects the sale and issuance by us of shares of our common stock in this offering, based upon the assumed public offering price of $            , after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below, as well as the other information in this prospectus, including our financial statements and the related notes and the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this prospectus, before deciding whether to invest in our common stock. The occurrence of any of the events or developments described below could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. In such an event, the market price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations.

Risks Related to Managing and Growing Our TPA Business

The audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, include an explanatory paragraph in our independent registered public accounting firm’s audit report stating that there are conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

As of June 30, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $64.4 million and working capital of approximately $1.5 million. As of June 30, 2023, we had approximately $24.2 million of long term debt (including operating lease and deferred tax liabilities) and approximately $8.7 million of unrestricted cash on hand. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, we recognized a net loss of approximately $16.4 million and negative cash flows from operations of approximately $8.7 million. Since inception, we have met our cash needs through proceeds from issuing convertible notes, warrants and our IPO and we expect that we will need to meet its future cash needs by raising debt, issuing equity and selling assets. Our independent registered public accounting firm, UHY LLP (“UHY”), has included an explanatory paragraph in their audit report that accompanies our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022, stating that there are conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Management continues to evaluate funding alternatives and currently seeks to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities, through arrangements with strategic partners or through obtaining credit from financial institutions. As we seek additional sources of financing, there can be no assurance that such financing would be available to us on favorable terms or at all. The Company is also considering disposing of what it considers non-strategic assets.

If we are unable to raise additional capital moving forward, our ability to operate in the normal course and continue to invest in our product portfolio may be materially and adversely impacted and we may be forced to scale back operations or divest some or all of our assets.

As a result of the above, in connection with our assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that our liquidity condition raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern through twelve months from the date these consolidated financial statements are available to be issued. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Marpai Administrators has a high annual customer attrition rate historically. The loss, termination, or renegotiation of any contract with Marpai Administrators’ current Clients could have a material adverse effect on our financial conditions and operating results.

Marpai Administrators’ largest two Clients collectively represented approximately 13.8% and 12.1% of its total gross revenue in 2021 and 2022, respectively. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, its

 

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customer attrition rates were approximately 32.9% and 25.0%, respectively. We believe many Clients left due to poor customer service. Although we believe many root causes driving customer attrition have been identified, remedial actions are still in process, there is no assurance that we will be able to reduce the attrition rates going forward. If the high customer attrition rate continues, our future revenue growth will suffer and our operating results will be negatively impacted, and we may encounter difficulty in recruiting new clients due to erosion of customer confidence.

Marpai Administrators is party to several disputes and lawsuits, and we may be subject to liabilities arisen from these and similar disputes in the future.

In the normal course of the claims administration services business, we expect to be named from time to time as a defendant in lawsuits by the insureds or claimants contesting decisions by us or our Clients with respect to the settlement of their healthcare claims. Marpai Administrators’ Clients have brought claims for indemnification based on alleged actions on its part or on the part of its agents or employees in rendering services to clients. We are subject to several disputes and lawsuits of which Marpai Administrators is currently a subject. Any future lawsuits against us can be disruptive to our business. The defense of the lawsuits will be time-consuming and require attention of our senior management and financial resources, and there can be no assurances that the resolution of any such litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Even though pursuant to the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, WellEnterprises USA, LLC, has agreed to assume all liabilities of Marpai Administrators that relate to benefits claims in excess of $50,000 or that have been outstanding more than 180 days, in each case as of April 1, 2021, Marpai Administrators will ultimately be responsible for any damages that may arise from these lawsuits. To the extent that WellEnterprises USA, LLC is unable or unwilling to satisfy any such liabilities, we will be required to do so. One of our directors, Mr. Damien Lamendola is the majority shareholder of HillCour Holding Corporation, which owns HillCour.

Pursuant to the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, $500,000 was deposited into an escrow account on April 30, 2021 to indemnify parties for fraud, breach of any representation or warranty, breach or non-performance of any post-closing covenant or agreement.

However, there can be no assurances that future lawsuits may not arise. If we are exposed to liabilities more than the amount held in escrow, our financial condition can be materially adversely affected.

We are subject to regulatory approvals in the various states we operate and the failure to obtain or renew such regulatory approvals or licenses may impact our business.

As part of our TPA business, we are required to obtain regulatory approvals and licenses in the various jurisdictions we operate.

For example, we have sought to renew our license in the State of Wisconsin and are working with the appropriate regulatory authorities in that jurisdiction to maintain our ability to provide TPA services there. However, there is no assurance that the regulatory authority in Wisconsin, or any other jurisdiction in which we operate, will renew our licenses or permit us to continue operating in those jurisdictions.

The failure to maintain our licenses, or obtain the approval, from relevant regulatory agencies may impact our ability to continue providing TPA services in those jurisdictions, which could impact our revenues and results of operations.

Issues in the use of A.I., including deep learning in our platform and modules could result in reputational harm or liability.

As with many developing technologies, A.I. presents risks and challenges that could affect its further development, adoption, and use, and therefore our business. A.I. algorithms may be flawed. Datasets may be

 

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insufficient, of poor quality, or contain biased information. Inappropriate or controversial data practices by data scientists, engineers, and end-users of our systems could impair the acceptance of A.I. solutions. If the recommendations, forecasts, or analyses that A.I. applications assist in producing are deficient or inaccurate, we could be subjected to competitive harm, potential legal liability, and brand or reputational harm. Some A.I. scenarios could present ethical issues. If we enable or offer A.I. solutions that are controversial because of their purported or real impact on human rights, privacy, employment, or other social issues, we may experience brand or reputational harm.

If the markets for our A.I. modules and member guidance program fail to grow as we expect, or if self — insured employers fail to adopt our member guidance programs and A.I. modules, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

It is difficult to predict self-insured employer adoption rates and demand for our A.I. modules and member guidance program, the entry of competitive platforms, or the future growth rate and size of the healthcare technology and TPA markets. We expect that a significant portion of our revenue will come from our A.I. modules with deep learning functionality and predictive algorithms and our member guidance program. Although demand for healthcare technology, deep learning (an advanced form of A.I.), and data analytics platforms and A.I. applications has grown in recent years, the market for these platforms and applications continues to evolve. There can be no assurances that this market will continue to grow or, even if it does grow, that Clients will choose our A.I. modules, member guidance program, or platform. Our future success will depend largely on our ability to penetrate the existing market for healthcare technology driven by TPAs, as well as the continued growth and expansion of what we believe to be an emerging market for healthcare administration focused on A.I. platforms and applications that are faster, easier to adopt, and easier to use.

Our ability to penetrate the TPA market depends on a number of factors, including the cost, performance, and perceived value associated with our A.I. modules, as well as Clients’ willingness to adopt a different approach to data analysis. We plan to spend considerable resources to educate Clients about digital transformation, A.I., and deep learning in general and our A.I. modules. However, there can be no assurances that these expenditures will help our A.I. modules and member guidance program achieve widespread market acceptance. Furthermore, prospective Clients may have made significant investments in legacy healthcare analytics software systems and may be unwilling to invest in new platforms and applications. If the market fails to grow or grows more slowly than we currently expect or self-insured employers fail to adopt our A.I. modules and Member guidance program, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We operate in a highly competitive industry, and the size of our target market may not remain as large as we anticipate.

The market for healthcare solutions is very competitive. We compete with almost 1,000 health insurance entities, all of whom are vying for the same business — the management of healthcare benefits for self-insured employers. There is only one TPA at a time for every employer wanting to provide health benefits via a self-insured model, and an employer may remain with the same TPA for many years. This means that although the market is very large, not all of it is accessible by us in any one year.

We provide administrative services to only self-insured employers who provide healthcare benefits to their employees. These self-insured employers can always elect to abandon self-insurance and simply buy medical insurance from one of the large players such as, Aetna, Cigna, or United Healthcare. There can be no assurances that our Clients or prospective Clients will remain self-insured for any given period of time. If the number of employers which choose to self-insure declines, the size of our targeted market will shrink.

In addition to the very large health insurance companies, there are new players in the market such as, Collective Health, Clover Health, Bind Health Insurance, Bright Health Group, Oscar and Centavo. These companies have raised hundreds of millions of dollars and have greater financial and personnel resources than we do and are

 

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pursuing a business strategy like ours and share our vision to use technology to transform the healthcare payer space. We believe that like us, Collective Health and Clover Health are also targeting at self-insured employers.

We rely on healthcare benefits brokers and consultants as our principal sales channel, and some of these companies are large and have no allegiance to us. If we do not satisfy their employer clients, they may steer not only an unsatisfied client, but others as well, to other TPAs.

Brokers such as Lockton Companies, Inc., the world’s largest privately held insurance brokerage firm, are a key sales channel for us to reach the self-insured employer market. These brokers work with many insurance companies and TPAs at the same time. Brokers and consultants earn their fees by also charging employers on a per employee per month (“PEPM”) basis. As they often own the relationship with the employer, they may view our fees as competitive to how much they can earn. They may steer our Clients to another TPA if they believe doing so can maximize their own fees. If we do not deliver competitive pricing, quality customer service, and high member satisfaction, these brokers can take the business they brought us to another TPA anytime. Due to the brokers’ power to influence employer groups, the brokers play an outsized role in our industry, and may exert pressure on our pricing or influence the service levels we offer to our Clients, all of which can lead to lower price PEPM for us, or an increase in our customer service staffing and other operating costs.

Our pricing may change over time and our ability to efficiently price our services will affect our results of operations and our ability to attract or retain Clients.

Our current pricing model, like most in the industry, is based on a PEPM fee. In the future, we may change our pricing model to capture more market share. We may also enter different pricing schemes with Clients, including but not limited to shared savings. In a shared savings pricing model, we share the risk with the Client. For example, if the Clients’ claims cost is $10 million, we may estimate that we can bring that down to $9 million with our service offering. Instead of charging a fixed PEPM fee, we would earn revenue from a share of the cost savings in a shared savings model. In the example above, if the share were 30% and we managed to achieve a reduction of $1 million, we would earn $300,000 as a shared savings fee.

Since there is no guarantee how much savings, if any, will actually be achieve, shared savings puts some of our revenue at risk. If cost savings are not achieved by many of our Clients, our revenue and results of operations will most likely suffer.

Our sales cycles can be long and unpredictable, and our sales efforts require a considerable investment of time and expense. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our results of operations and growth would be harmed.

Our sales process entails planning discussions with prospective Clients, analyzing their existing solutions and identifying how these prospective Clients can use and benefit from our services. The sales cycle for a new Client, from the time of prospect qualification to completion of the sale, may take as long as a year. We spend substantial time, effort, and money in our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will result in the sale of our services.

In addition, our sales cycle and timing of sales can vary substantially from Client to Client because of various factors, including the discretionary nature of prospective Clients’ purchasing and budget decisions, the announcement or planned introduction of product and service offerings by us or our competitors, and the purchasing approval processes of prospective Clients. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our results of operations and growth would be harmed.

Because Marpai Administrators generally recognizes revenues ratably over the term of the contract for our services, a significant downturn in its business may not be reflected immediately in our results of operations, which increases the difficulty of evaluating our future financial performance.

Marpai Administrators generally recognizes technology and professional services revenue ratably over the term of a contract, which is typically one year. As a result, a substantial portion of Marpai Administrators’ revenue is

 

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generated from contracts entered into during prior periods. Consequently, a decline in new contracts in any quarter may not affect our results of operations in that quarter but could reduce our revenue in future quarters. Additionally, the timing of renewals or non-renewals of a contract during any quarter may only affect our financial performance in future quarters. For example, the non-renewal of a subscription agreement late in a quarter will have minimal impact on revenue for that quarter but will reduce our revenue in future quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant declines in sales may not be reflected in our short- term results of operations, which would make these reported results less indicative of our future financial results. By contrast, a non-renewal occurring early in a quarter may have a significant negative impact on revenue for that quarter and we may not be able to offset a decline in revenue due to non-renewal with revenue from new contracts entered in the same quarter. In addition, we may be unable to quickly adjust our costs in response to reduced revenue.

The success and growth of our business depends upon our ability to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.

Our solution is a technology-driven platform that relies on innovation to remain competitive. The process of developing new technologies and products is complex, and we develop our own A.I. and deep learning, healthcare technologies, and other tools to differentiate our platform and A.I. modules. In addition, our dedication to incorporating technological advancements into our platform requires significant financial and personnel resources and talent. Our development efforts with respect to these initiatives could distract management from current operations and could divert capital and other resources from other growth initiatives important to our business. We operate in an industry experiencing rapid technological change and frequent platform introductions. We may not be able to make technological improvements as quickly as demanded by self-insured employers and our Clients, which could harm our ability to attract new Clients and therefore, our market share. In addition, we may not be able to effectively implement new technology- driven products and services as projected.

If we do not have access to A.I. talent or fail to expand our A.I. models, we may not remain competitive, and our revenue and results of operations could suffer.

Our risks as a company engaged in research and development are compounded by our heavy dependence on emerging and sometimes unproven technologies such as A.I. and deep learning, which are characterized by extensive research efforts and rapid technological progress. If we fail to anticipate or respond adequately to technological developments, our ability to operate profitably could suffer. We cannot assure you that research and discoveries by other companies will not render our technologies or potential products or services uneconomical, or result in products superior to those we develop, or that any technologies, products or services we develop will be preferred to any existing or newly-developed technologies, products or services.

Our success depends on our ability to innovate and provide more tools that can help employers save healthcare claims costs while maintaining good healthcare outcomes for their employees and their families. However, access to A.I. talent, especially with respect to deep learning in healthcare, is very limited. The competition for talent is not so much from other payers in the healthcare space as it is from the big technology companies such as, Google, Amazon, and Facebook and technology start-ups. Our growth is highly dependent on our ability to access this limited pool of talent. Our Chief Science Advisor, Dr. Eli David is a lecturer in deep learning at Bar-Ilan University in Israel and a leading researcher in A.I. We believe his university connection as well as his reputation and previous work experience with other technology companies will help attract key deep learning talent to us. However, there is no assurance that that will be enough. If the right talent pool is not readily available to us, it may impact our ability to innovate and differentiate ourselves in the market with new products and services, which could in turn adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.

Our product development relies heavily on access to large healthcare data sets. We have developed six A.I. modules to predict chronic conditions and high-cost medical procedures. Our ability to offer a comprehensive solution that helps employers save on healthcare claims costs is directly related to our ability to expand to other

 

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modules as well as to constantly make improvements on our existing modules. Access to certain data in healthcare in large scale can be challenging. Electronic health records, for example, are stored in myriad systems and there is no single standard for what one contains. Moreover, payers generally do not have access to electronic health records at scale, although they may have access to some limited data to support a claim. Our models currently rely heavily on claims data, which is the type of data that payers mostly have. We plan to improve our A.I. predictions by incorporating other data types in the future.

However, there can be no assurances that we will be able to do so and our failure to incorporate other data types may limit our ability to compete in the market.

Failure by our Clients to obtain proper permissions and waivers may result in claims against us or may limit or prevent our use of data, which could harm our business.

We require our Clients to provide necessary notices and to obtain necessary permissions and waivers for use and disclosure of the information that we receive, and we require contractual assurances from them that they have done so and will do so. If they do not obtain necessary permissions and waivers, then our use and disclosure of information that we receive from them or on their behalf may be restricted or prohibited by state, federal or international privacy or data protection laws, or other related privacy and data protection laws. This could impair our functions, processes, and databases that reflect, contain, or are based upon such data and may prevent the use of such data, including our ability to provide such data to third parties that are incorporated into our service offerings. Furthermore, this may cause us to breach obligations to third parties to whom we may provide such data, such as third-party service or technology providers that are incorporated into our service offerings. In addition, this could interfere with or prevent data sourcing, data analyses, or limit other data-driven activities that benefit us. Moreover, we may be subject to claims, civil and/or criminal liability or government or state attorneys general investigations for use or disclosure of information by reason of lack of valid notice, permission, or waiver. These claims, liabilities or government or state attorneys general investigations could subject us to unexpected costs and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

If our security measures are breached or unauthorized access to client data is otherwise obtained, our product and service offerings may be perceived as not being secure, Clients may reduce the use of or stop using our services, and we may incur significant liabilities.

Our business involves the storage and transmission of our Members’ proprietary information, including personal or identifying information regarding members and their protected health information (“PHI”). As a result, unauthorized access or security breaches to our system or platform as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance, or otherwise could result in the loss or inappropriate use of information, litigation, indemnity obligations, damage to our reputation, and other liability including but not limited to government or state Attorney General investigations. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not identified until after they are launched against a target, we may not be able to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures. Moreover, the detection, prevention, and remediation of known or unknown security vulnerabilities, including those arising from third-party hardware or software, may result in additional direct or indirect costs and management time.

Any or all of these issues could adversely affect our ability to attract new Clients, cause existing Clients to elect not to renew their contracts, result in reputational damage, or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines, mandatory disclosures, or other action or liability, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Our general liability insurance may not be adequate to cover all potential claims to which we are exposed and may not be adequate to indemnify us for liability that may be imposed, or the losses associated with such events, and in any case, such insurance may not cover all of the specific costs, expenses, and losses we could incur in responding to and remediating a security breach. A security breach of another significant provider of cloud-based solutions may also negatively impact the demand for our product and service offerings.

 

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If we are not able to enhance our reputation and brand recognition, we may not be able to execute our business strategy as planned.

We believe that enhancing our reputation and brand recognition is critical to maintaining our relationships with Marpai Administrators’ existing Clients and to our ability to attract new Clients. The promotion of our Marpai brand may require us to make substantial investments and we anticipate that, as our market becomes increasingly competitive, these marketing initiatives may become increasingly difficult and expensive. Our marketing activities may not be successful or yield increased revenue, and to the extent that these activities yield increased revenue, the increased revenue may not offset the expenses we incur and our results of operations could be harmed. In addition, any factor that diminishes our reputation or that of our management, including failing to meet the expectations of our Clients, or any adverse publicity surrounding one of our investors or Clients, could make it substantially more difficult for us to attract new Clients. If we do not successfully enhance our reputation and brand recognition, our business may not grow and we could lose our relationships with Marpai Administrators’ existing clients, which would harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We may acquire other companies or technologies, which could divert our management’s attention, result in dilution to our stockholders, and otherwise disrupt our operations and we may have difficulty integrating any such acquisitions successfully or realizing the anticipated benefits therefrom, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may seek to acquire or invest in businesses, applications, and services, or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our product and service offerings, enhance our A.I. capabilities, or otherwise offer growth opportunities. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether they are consummated. We may have difficulty integrating other technologies, other team members, or selling our Member guidance program to acquired Clients and we may not be able to achieve the intended benefits from any such acquisition.

In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our results of operations based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, which could adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may suffer.

Global or regional health pandemics or epidemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, could negatively impact our business operations, financial performance, and results of operations.

Our business and financial results could be negatively impacted by other pandemics or epidemics. During 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted economic activity and markets around the world, and it could negatively impact our business in numerous ways, including but not limited to those outlined below:

 

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the number of employers who will choose to self-insure or remain to be self-insured may decline;

 

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Clients and prospective Clients may be less willing to pay the added fees for our member guidance program due to significant capital constraints as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the macro-economic environment;

 

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Clients may have difficulty gaining timely access to sufficient credit or obtaining credit on reasonable terms, which could impair their ability to make timely payments to us;

 

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disruptions or uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic for a sustained period of time could result in delays or modifications to our strategic plans and initiatives and hinder our ability to achieve our business objectives; and

 

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illness, travel restrictions or workforce disruptions could negatively affect our business processes.

 

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Any continuing negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. Our business may be adversely affected by market and economic volatility experienced by the U.S. and global economies and the healthcare industry. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused a broad impact globally, may materially affect us economically. Unfavorable market and economic conditions may be due to, among other things, rising or sustained high interest rates and high inflation, labor market challenges, supply chain disruptions, volatility in the public equity and debt markets, pandemics (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), geopolitical instability (such as the war in Ukraine), and other conditions beyond our control.

Risk Related to the Company’s Acquisition of Maestro Health, LLC

Integrating Maestro’s business with our business may be more difficult, costly, or time-consuming than expected, and the Company may not realize the expected benefits of its acquisition of Maestro, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we experience greater than anticipated costs to integrate, or are not able to successfully integrate, Maestro’s business into our operations, we may not be able to achieve the anticipated benefits of its acquisition of Maestro, including cost savings, integration and retaining employees and other synergies and growth opportunities. Even if the integration of Maestro’s business is successful, we may not realize all of the anticipated benefits of our acquisition of Maestro during the anticipated time frame, or at all. For example, events outside of our control, such as changes in regulations and laws, as well as economic trends, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, could adversely affect our ability to realize the expected benefits from our acquisition of Maestro. An inability to realize the full extent of the anticipated benefits of our acquisition of Maestro could have an adverse effect upon our revenue, level of expenses, and results of operations.

Maestro may have liabilities that are not known to us.

Maestro may have liabilities that we failed, or were unable, to discover in the course of performing our due diligence investigations in connection with our acquisition of Maestro. We may learn additional information about Maestro that materially and adversely affect us and Maestro, such as unknown or contingent liabilities and liabilities related to compliance with applicable laws. Moreover, Maestro may be subject to audits, reviews, inquiries, investigations, and claims of non-compliance and litigation by federal and state regulatory agencies which could result in liabilities or other sanctions. Any such liabilities or sanctions, individually or in the aggregate, could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have made certain assumptions relating to the Maestro acquisition that may prove to be materially inaccurate.

We have made certain assumptions relating to the Maestro acquisition that may prove to be inaccurate, including as the result of the failure to realize the expected benefits of the Maestro acquisition, failure to realize expected revenue growth rates, higher than expected operating and transaction costs, as well as general economic and business conditions that adversely affect us.

Risks Related to Managing Our Research and Development Operations in Israel

Potential political, economic, and military instability in the State of Israel, where our research and development facilities are located, may adversely affect our results of operations.

Our executive office, where we conduct primarily all our research and development activities, is in Israel. Many of our software and A.I. engineers are residents of Israel. Accordingly, political, economic, and military conditions in Israel and the surrounding region may directly affect our business and operations. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors, Hamas (an Islamist militia and political group in the Gaza Strip) and Hezbollah (an Islamist militia and political group in Lebanon). Any hostilities involving Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade within Israel or between Israel and its trading partners could adversely affect our operations and results of

 

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operations and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. To date, Israel faces political tension with respect to its relationships with Turkey, Iran and other Arab neighbor countries. In addition, recent political uprisings, and social unrest in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa are affecting the political stability of those countries. This instability may lead to deterioration of the political relationships that exist between Israel and these countries and have raised concerns regarding security in the region and the potential for armed conflict. In Syria, a country bordering Israel, a civil war is taking place. In addition, there are concerns that Iran, which has previously threatened to attack Israel, may step up its efforts to achieve nuclear capability. Iran is also believed to have a strong influence among extremist groups in the region, such as Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, as well as a growing presence in Syria. Additionally, the Islamic State of Iraq and Levant, a violent jihadist group whose stated purpose is to take control of the Middle East, remains active. The tension between Israel and Iran and/or these groups may escalate in the future and turn violent. Any potential future conflict could also include missile strikes against parts of Israel, including our offices. Political events in Israel may significantly affect our business, assets or operations. Social unrest, acts of terrorism, regime changes, changes in laws and regulations, political upheaval, and policy changes or enactments could negatively impact our business. Any armed conflicts, terrorist activities or political instability in the region could adversely affect our research and development activities, ability to innovate, and results of operations.

The relationship between the United States and Israel could be subject to sudden fluctuation and periodic tension. Changes in political conditions in Israel and changes in the state of U.S. relations with Israel are difficult to predict and could adversely affect our operations or cause potential target businesses or their goods and services to become less attractive.

Parties with whom we do business may be disinclined to travel to Israel during periods of heightened unrest or tension, forcing us to make alternative arrangements when necessary to meet our business partners face to face. In addition, the political and security situation in Israel may result in parties with whom we have agreements involving performance in Israel claiming that they are not obligated to perform their commitments under those agreements pursuant to force majeure provisions in such agreements.

Our insurance does not cover losses that may occur because of an event associated with the security situation in the Middle East or for any resulting disruption in our operations. Although the Israeli government has in the past covered the reinstatement value of direct damages that were caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, we cannot be assured that this government coverage will be maintained or, if maintained, will be sufficient to compensate us fully for damages incurred and the government may cease providing such coverage or the coverage might not suffice to cover potential damages. Any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business. Any armed conflicts, political instability, terrorism, cyberattacks or any other hostilities involving, or threatening Israel would likely negatively affect business conditions generally and could harm our results of operations.

The Israeli government is currently pursuing extensive changes to Israel’s judicial system. In response to the foregoing developments, individuals, organizations and institutions, both within and outside of Israel, have voiced concerns that the proposed changes may negatively impact the business environment in Israel including due to reluctance of foreign investors to invest or conduct business in Israel, as well as to increased currency fluctuations, downgrades in credit rating, increased interest rates, increased volatility in securities markets, and other changes in macroeconomic conditions. Such proposed changes may also adversely affect the labor market in Israel or lead to political instability or civil unrest.

Our operations may be disrupted because of the obligation of Israeli citizens to perform military service.

Many Israeli citizens are obligated to perform one month, and in some cases more, of annual military reserve duty until they reach the age of 45 (or older, for reservists with certain occupations) and, in the event of a military conflict, may be called to active duty. In response to increases in terrorist activity, there have been periods of significant call-ups of military reservists. It is possible that there will be military reserve duty call-ups in the future. Any major escalation in hostilities in the region could result in a portion of our employees and

 

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service providers being called up to perform military duty for an extended period. Our operations could be disrupted by such call-ups. Such disruption could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Because a certain portion of our expenses is incurred in currencies other than the US Dollar, our results of operations may be harmed by currency fluctuations and inflation.

Our reporting and functional currency is the U.S. Dollar, but a portion of our operations expenses are denominated in the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”) — 9% or $5.0 million, in 2022. As a result, we are exposed to some currency fluctuation risks, largely derived from our current and future engagements for payroll and lease obligations in Israel. Fluctuation in the exchange rates of foreign currency has an influence on the cost of goods sold and our operating expenses. For instance, during the prior year period ending on December 31, 2022, the NIS has decreased in value relative to U.S. dollars by over 4%, resulting in a 4% decrease in our operating expenses in Israel. We may, in the future, decide to enter currency hedging transactions to decrease the risk of financial exposure from fluctuations in the exchange rate of the currencies mentioned above in relation to the US Dollar. These measures, however, may not adequately protect us from adverse effects.

There are costs and difficulties inherent in managing cross-border business operations.

Managing a business, operations, personnel, or assets in another country is challenging and costly. Any management that we may have (whether based abroad or in the United States) may be inexperienced in cross-border business practices and unaware of significant differences in accounting rules, legal regimes, and labor practices. Even with a seasoned and experienced management team, the costs and difficulties inherent in managing cross-border business operations, personnel and assets can be significant (and much higher than in a purely domestic business) and may negatively impact our financial and operational performance.

Employment and other material contracts we have with our Israeli employees are governed by Israeli laws. Our inability to enforce or obtain a remedy under these agreements could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

All employees were asked to sign employment agreements that contain confidentiality, non-compete and assignment of intellectual property provisions. The employment agreements between EYME and its employees in Israel are governed by Israeli laws. The system of laws and the enforcement of existing laws and contracts in Israel may not be as certain in implementation and interpretation as in the United States, leading to a higher than usual degree of uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation. Our inability to enforce or obtain a remedy under any of these or future agreements could adversely affect our business and financial condition. Delay with respect to the enforcement of particular rules and regulations, including those relating to intellectual property, customs, tax, and labor, could also cause serious disruption to operations abroad and negatively impact our results.

Israeli courts have required employers seeking to enforce non-compete undertakings of a former employee to demonstrate that the competitive activities of the former employee will harm one of a limited number of material interests of the employer which have been recognized by the courts, such as the secrecy of a company’s confidential commercial information or the protection of its intellectual property. If we cannot demonstrate that such interests will be harmed, we may be unable to prevent our competitors from benefiting from the expertise of our former employees or consultants and our ability to remain competitive may be diminished.

Investors may have difficulties enforcing a U.S. judgment, including judgments based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against one of our directors or asserting U.S. securities laws claims in Israel.

One director of ours is not a U.S. citizen and many of our intellectual property assets are located outside the United States. Service of process upon one of our directors and enforcement of judgments obtained in the United States against one of our directors may be difficult to obtain within the United States. We have been informed by our legal counsel in Israel that it may be difficult to assert claims under U.S. securities laws in original actions

 

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instituted in Israel or obtain a judgment based on the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a violation of U.S. securities laws against a director of ours because Israel may not be the most appropriate forum to bring such a claim. In addition, even if an Israeli court agrees to hear a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact, which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also be governed by Israeli law. There is little binding case law in Israel addressing the matters described above. Israeli courts might not enforce judgments rendered outside Israel, which may make it difficult to collect on judgments rendered against one of our directors.

Moreover, among other reasons, including but not limited to, fraud, a lack of due process, a judgment which is at variance with another judgment that was given in the same matter and if a suit in the same matter between the same parties was pending before a court or tribunal in Israel, an Israeli court will not enforce a foreign judgment if it was given in a state whose laws do not provide for the enforcement of judgments of Israeli courts (subject to exceptional cases) or if its enforcement is likely to prejudice the sovereignty or security of the State of Israel.

Unanticipated changes in our effective tax rate and additional tax liabilities, including as a result of our international operations or implementation of new tax rules, could harm our future results.

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and Israel. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of expenses in differing jurisdictions and complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. Tax rates in the jurisdictions in which we operate may change as a result of factors outside of our control or relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. In addition, changes in tax and trade laws, treaties or regulations, or their interpretation or enforcement, have become more unpredictable and may become more stringent, which could materially adversely affect our tax position.

Forecasting our estimated annual effective tax rate is complex and subject to uncertainty, and there may be material differences between our forecasted and actual effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings and losses in countries with differing statutory tax rates, certain non-deductible expenses, the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, adjustments to income taxes upon finalization of tax returns, changes in available tax attributes, decision to repatriate non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously provided for U.S. taxes, and changes in federal, state, or international tax laws and accounting principles.

Finally, we may be subject to income tax audits throughout the world. An adverse resolution of one or more uncertain tax positions in any period could have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition for that period.

Risks Related to Protecting Our Technology and Intellectual Property

We rely on third-party providers, including Amazon Web Services, for computing infrastructure, network connectivity, and other technology-related services needed to deliver our service offerings. Any disruption in the services provided by such third-party providers could adversely affect our business and subject us to liability.

Our member guidance program is hosted from and use computing infrastructure provided by third parties, including Amazon Web Services, and other computing infrastructure service providers. Our computing infrastructure service providers have no obligation to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms, or if one of our computing infrastructure service providers is acquired, we may be required to transition to a new provider and we may incur significant costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so.

Problems faced by our computing infrastructure service providers, including those operated by Amazon Web Services, could adversely affect the experience of our Clients. Amazon Web Services has also had and may in the

 

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future experience significant service outages. Additionally, if our computing infrastructure service providers are unable to keep up with our growing needs for capacity, this could have an adverse effect on our business. For example, a rapid expansion of our business could affect our service levels or cause our third-party hosted systems to fail. Our agreements with third-party computing infrastructure service providers may not entitle us to service level credits that correspond with those we offer to our Clients.

Any changes in third-party service levels at our computing infrastructure service providers, or any related disruptions or performance problems with our product and service offering, could adversely affect our reputation and may damage our clients’ stored files, result in lengthy interruptions in our services, or result in potential losses of client data. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenue, cause us to issue refunds to clients for prepaid and unused subscriptions, subject us to service level credit claims and potential liability, allow our clients to terminate their contracts with us, or adversely affect our renewal rates.

We rely on Internet infrastructure, bandwidth providers, data center providers, other third parties, and our own systems for providing services to our users, and any failure or interruption in the services provided by these third parties or our own systems could expose us to litigation, potentially require us to issue credits to our Clients, and negatively impact our relationships with Members or Clients, adversely affecting our brand and our business.

In addition to the services, we provide from our offices, we serve our Clients primarily from third-party data-hosting facilities. These facilities are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunications failures, and similar events. They are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, and similar misconduct. Their systems and servers could also be subject to hacking, spamming, ransomware, computer viruses or other malicious software, denial of service attacks, service disruptions, including the inability to process certain transactions, phishing attacks and unauthorized access attempts, including third parties gaining access to Members’ accounts using stolen or inferred credentials or other means, and may use such access to prevent use of Members’ accounts. Despite precautions taken at these facilities, the occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problems at two or more of the facilities could result in lengthy interruptions in our services. Even with our disaster recovery arrangements, our services could be interrupted.

Our ability to deliver our Internet- and telecommunications-based services is dependent on the development and maintenance of the infrastructure of the Internet and other telecommunications services by third parties. This includes maintenance of a reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data capacity, and security for providing reliable Internet access and services and reliable mobile device, telephone, facsimile, and pager systems, all at a predictable and reasonable cost. We have experienced and expect that we will experience interruptions and delays in services and availability from time to time.

We rely on internal systems as well as third-party vendors, including data center, bandwidth, and telecommunications equipment or service providers, to provide our services. We do not maintain redundant systems or facilities for some of these services. In the event of a catastrophic event with respect to one or more of these systems or facilities, we may experience an extended period of system unavailability, which could negatively impact our relationship with users or clients. To operate without interruption, both we and our service providers must guard against:

 

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damage from fire, power loss, and other natural disasters;

 

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communications failures;

 

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security breaches, computer viruses, ransomware, and similar disruptive problems; and

 

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other potential interruptions.

Any disruption in the network access, telecommunications, or co-location services provided by these third-party providers or any failure of or by these third-party providers or our own systems to handle the current or higher

 

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volume of use could significantly harm our business. We exercise limited control over these third-party vendors, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the services they provide.

Any errors, failures, interruptions, or delays experienced in connection with these third-party technologies and information services, or our own systems could negatively impact our relationships with users and clients, adversely affect our brands and business, and expose us to third-party liabilities. The insurance coverage under our policies may not be adequate to compensate us for all losses that may occur. In addition, we cannot provide assurance that we will continue to be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at an acceptable cost.

The reliability and performance of the Internet may be harmed by increased usage or by denial-of-service attacks. The Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays because of damages to portions of its infrastructure, and it could face outages and delays in the future. These outages and delays could reduce the level of Internet usage as well as the availability of the Internet to us for delivery of our Internet-based services.

We typically provide service level commitments under our client contracts. If we fail to meet these contractual commitments, we could be obligated to provide credits or refunds for prepaid amounts related to unused subscription services or face contract terminations, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Finally, recent changes in law could impact the cost and availability of necessary Internet infrastructure. Increased costs and/or decreased availability would negatively affect our results of operations.

We employ third-party licensed software and software components for use in or with our member guidance program, and the inability to maintain these licenses or the presence of errors in the software we license could limit the functionality of our member guidance program and result in increased costs or reduced service levels, which would adversely affect our business.

Our software applications might incorporate or interact with certain third-party software and software components (other than open-source software), such as claims processing software, obtained under licenses from other companies. We pay these third parties a license fee or royalty payment. We anticipate that we will continue to use such third-party software in the future.

Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software, we currently make available, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to replace. Furthermore, these third parties may increase the price for licensing their software, which could negatively impact our results of operations. Our use of additional or alternative third-party software could require clients to enter into license agreements with third parties. In addition, if the third-party software we make available has errors or otherwise malfunctions, or if the third-party terminates its agreement with us, the functionality of our member guidance program may be negatively impacted and our business may suffer.

Any failure to protect our intellectual property rights could impair our ability to protect our proprietary technology and our brand.

Our success and ability to compete depend largely upon our intellectual property. To date, we have three patent applications pending in the U.S. We take reasonable steps to protect our intellectual property, especially when working with third parties. However, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property rights may be inadequate. For example, other parties, including our competitors, may independently develop similar technology, duplicate our services, or design around our intellectual property and, in such cases, we may not be able to assert our intellectual property rights against such parties. Further, our contractual arrangements may not effectively prevent disclosure of our confidential information or provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized disclosure of our confidential information, and we may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights.

 

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We make business decisions about when to seek patent protection for a particular technology and when to rely upon trade secret protection, and the approach we select may ultimately prove to be inadequate. Even in cases where we seek patent protection, there is no assurance that the resulting patents will effectively protect every significant feature of our model, technology, or proprietary information, or provide us with any competitive advantages. Moreover, we cannot guarantee that any of our pending patent application will issue or be approved. The United States Patent and Trademark Office and various foreign governmental patent agencies also require compliance with several procedural, documentary, fee payment, and other similar provisions during the patent application process and after a patent has issued. There are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent, or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. If this occurs, our competitors might be able to enter the market, which would have a material adverse effect on our business. Effective trademark, copyright, patent, and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which we conduct business. Further, intellectual property law, including statutory and case law, particularly in the United States, is constantly developing, and any changes in the law could make it harder for us to enforce our rights.

To protect our intellectual property rights, we may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect these rights. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming, and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. An adverse determination of any litigation proceedings could put our intellectual property at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and could put our related pending patent applications at risk of not issuing. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential or sensitive information could be compromised by disclosure in the event of litigation. In addition, during litigation, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a substantial adverse effect on the price of our Class A common stock. Negative publicity related to a decision by us to initiate such enforcement actions against a client or former client, regardless of its accuracy, may adversely impact our other client relationships or prospective client relationships, harm our brand and business, and could cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. Our failure to secure, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our brand and our business.

We may not be able to adequately defend against piracy of intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions.

Considerable research in A.I. is being performed in countries outside of the United States, and several potential competitors are in these countries. The laws protecting intellectual property in some of those countries may not provide adequate protection to prevent our competitors from misappropriating our intellectual property. Several of these potential competitors may be further along in the process of product development and operate large, company-funded research and development programs. As a result, our competitors may develop more competitive or affordable products, or achieve earlier patent protection or product commercialization than we are able to achieve. Competitive products may render any products or product candidates that we develop obsolete.

We may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights or misappropriation of intellectual property.

There is considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in our industry. Our future success depends in part on not infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others. Our competitors, as well as a number of other entities and individuals, including so-called non-practicing entities, may own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our member guidance program. Not all employees and contractors of Marpai Administrators have signed non-compete and non-disclosure agreements with the Company. From time to time, third parties may claim that we are infringing upon their intellectual property rights or that we have

 

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misappropriated their intellectual property. For example, in some cases, very broad patents are granted that may be interpreted as covering a wide field of healthcare data storage and analytics solutions or machine learning and predictive modeling methods in healthcare. As competition in our market grows, the possibility of patent infringement, trademark infringement, and other intellectual property claims against us increases. In the future, we expect others to claim that our member guidance program and underlying technology infringe or violate their intellectual property rights. In a patent infringement claims against us, we may assert, as a defense, that we do not infringe the relevant patent claims, that the patent is invalid or both. The strength of our defenses will depend on the patents asserted, the interpretation of these patents, and our ability to invalidate the asserted patents. However, we could be unsuccessful in advancing non-infringement and/or invalidity arguments in our defense. In the United States, issued patents enjoy a presumption of validity, and the party challenging the validity of a patent claim must present clear and convincing evidence of invalidity, which is a high burden of proof. Conversely, the patent owner need only prove infringement by a preponderance of the evidence, which is a lower burden of proof. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights that others may claim cover some or all our technology or services. Because patent applications can take years to issue and are often afforded confidentiality for some period there may currently be pending applications, unknown to us, that later result in issued patents that could cover one or more aspects of our technology and services. Any claims or litigation could cause us to incur significant expenses and, whether successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages, ongoing royalty or license payments, or settlement fees, prevent us from offering our member guidance program or using certain technologies, require us to re-engineer all or a portion of our platform, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our clients or business partners or pay substantial settlement costs, including royalty payments, in connection with any such claim or litigation and to obtain licenses, modify applications, or refund fees, which could be costly. Even if we were to prevail in such a dispute, any litigation regarding our intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming and divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations.

Our member guidance program utilizes open-source software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open-source licenses could adversely affect our business.

We use software modules licensed to us by third-party authors under “open-source” licenses in our member guidance program. Some open-source licenses contain affirmative obligations or restrictive terms that could adversely impact our business, such as restrictions on commercialization or obligations to make available modified or derivative works of certain open-source code. If we were to combine our proprietary software with certain open-source software subject to these licenses in a certain manner, we could, under certain open-source licenses, be required to release or otherwise make available the source code to us proprietary software to the public. This would allow our competitors to create similar products with lower development effort and time and ultimately could result in a loss of sales for us.

Although we employ practices designed to manage our compliance with open-source licenses and protect our proprietary source code, we may inadvertently use open-source software in a manner we do not intend and that could expose us to claims for breach of contract and intellectual property infringement. If we are held to have breached the terms of an open-source software license, we could be required to, among other things, seek licenses from third parties to continue offering our products on terms that are not economically feasible, pay damages to third parties, to re-engineer our products, to discontinue the sale of our products if re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis, or to make generally available, in source code form, a portion of our proprietary code, any of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. The terms of many open-source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. courts, and, as a result, there is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to commercialize our member guidance program.

 

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Risks Related to Conducting our Business Under a Complex and Evolving Set of Governmental Regulations

Government regulation of the healthcare industry creates risks and challenges with respect to our compliance efforts and our business strategies.

In the United States and some foreign jurisdictions, there have been, and continue to be, several legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes regarding the healthcare system that could create unexpected liabilities for us, cause us to incur additional costs, and restrict our operations. Among policy makers and payors in the United States and elsewhere, there is significant interest in promoting changes in healthcare systems with the stated goals of containing healthcare costs, improving quality and/or expanding access.

Many healthcare laws are complex, and their application to specific services and relationships may not be clear. In particular, many existing healthcare laws and regulations, when enacted, did not anticipate the data analytics and improvement services that we provide, and these laws and regulations may be applied to our product and service offerings in ways that we do not anticipate, particularly as we develop and release new and more sophisticated solutions. Certain changes to laws impacting our industry, or perceived intentions to do so, could affect our business and results of operations. Some of the risks we face from healthcare regulation are described below:

False Claims Laws. There are numerous federal and state laws that prohibit submission of false information, or the failure to disclose information, in connection with submission (or causing the submission) and payment of claims for reimbursement. For example, the federal civil False Claims Act prohibits, among other things, individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, to the U.S. federal government, claims for payment or approval that are false or fraudulent, or knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used, a false record or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim. In addition, the government may assert that a claim including items and services resulting from a violation of the U.S. federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the civil False Claims Act. If our advisory services to clients are associated with action by clients that is determined or alleged to be in violation of these laws and regulations, it is possible that an enforcement agency would also try to hold us accountable. Any determination by a court or regulatory agency that we have violated these laws could subject us to significant civil or criminal penalties, invalidate all or portions of some of our client contracts, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of us services fees, subject us to additional reporting requirements and oversight under a corporate integrity agreement or similar agreement to resolve allegations of noncompliance with these laws, cause us to be disqualified from serving clients doing business with government payers, and have an adverse effect on our business. Our Clients’ failure to comply with these laws and regulations in connection with our services could result in substantial liability (including, but not limited to, criminal liability), adversely affect demand for our services, and force us to expend significant capital, research and development, and other resources to address the failure.

Health Data Privacy Laws. There are numerous federal and state laws related to health information privacy. In particular, the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the HITECH and their implementing regulations, which we collectively refer to as “HIPAA,” include privacy standards that protect individual privacy by limiting the uses and disclosures of PHI and implementing data security standards that require covered entities to implement administrative, physical, and technological safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, availability, and security of PHI in electronic form. In addition to enforcement actions initiated by regulatory bodies under HIPAA, violations or breaches caused by us or our contractors may result in related claims against us by clients, which may be predicated upon underlying contractual responsibilities, and by Members, which may be predicated upon tort law or state privacy claims, as HIPAA does not contain a private right of action. HIPAA also specifies formats that must be used in certain electronic transactions, such as admission and discharge messages and limits the fees that may be charged for certain transactions, including claim payment transactions. By processing and maintaining PHI on behalf of our covered entity clients, we are a HIPAA business associate and mandated by HIPAA to enter into written agreements with our covered entity clients — known as Business Associate Agreements (“BAAs”) — that require us to safeguard PHI. BAAs typically include:

 

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a description of our permitted uses of PHI;

 

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a covenant not to disclose that information except as permitted under the BAAs and to require that our subcontractors, if any, are subject to the substantially similar restrictions;

 

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assurances that reasonable and appropriate administrative, physical, and technical safeguards are in place to prevent misuse of PHI;

 

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an obligation to report to our client any use or disclosure of PHI other than as provided for in the BAAs;

 

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a prohibition against our use or disclosure of PHI if a similar use or disclosure by our client would violate the HIPAA standards;

 

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the ability of our clients to terminate the underlying support agreement if we breach a material term of the BAAs and are unable to cure the breach;

 

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the requirement to return or destroy all PHI at the end of our services agreement; and

 

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access by the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) to our internal practices, books, and records to validate that we are safeguarding PHI.

In addition, we are also required to maintain BAAs, which contain similar provisions, with our subcontractors that access or otherwise process PHI on our behalf.

We may not be able to adequately address the business risks created by HIPAA implementation, and meet the requirements imposed by HIPAA. Furthermore, we are unable to predict what changes to HIPAA or other laws or regulations might be made in the future or how those changes could affect our business or the costs of compliance. For example, in 2018, the HHS Office for Civil Rights published a Request for Information in the Federal Register seeking comments on several areas in which HHS is considering making both minor and significant modifications to the HIPAA privacy and security standards to, among other things, improve care coordination. We are unable to predict what, if any, impact the changes in such standards will have on our compliance costs or our product and service offerings.

We will also require large sets of de-identified information to enable us to continue to develop A.I. algorithms that enhance our product and service offerings. If we are unable to secure these rights in Client BAAs or because of any future changes to HIPAA or other applicable laws, we may face limitations on the use of PHI and our ability to use de-identified information that could negatively affect the scope of our product and service offering as well as impair our ability to provide upgrades and enhancements to our services.

We outsource important aspects of the storage and transmission of client and member information, and thus rely on third parties to manage functions that have material cyber-security risks. We attempt to address these risks by requiring outsourcing subcontractors who handle client information to sign BAAs contractually requiring those subcontractors to adequately safeguard PHI in a similar manner that applies to us and in some cases by requiring such outsourcing subcontractors to undergo third-party security examinations as well as to protect the confidentiality of other sensitive client information. In addition, we periodically hire third-party security experts to assess and test our security measures. However, we cannot be assured that these contractual measures and other safeguards will adequately protect us from the risks associated with the storage and transmission of client proprietary information and PHI.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) takes the position that an electronic fund transfer (“EFT”) payment to a health care provider is a “standard transaction” under HIPAA. As a “standard transaction”, these provider payments may be subject to certain limitations on the fees that may be charged for an EFT payment transaction with a health care provider. We outsource important aspects of our EFT payments to health care providers and thus rely on third parties to manage the EFT transactions and assure that the fees charged comply with HIPAA. The application of HIPAA to EFT payments is complex, and their application to specific value-added services for health care providers may not be clear. Our failure to accurately anticipate the application of HIPAA’s fee restrictions on certain standard transactions could create significant liability for us, resulting in negative publicity, and material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

 

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In addition to the HIPAA privacy and security standards, most states have enacted patient confidentiality laws that protect against the disclosure of confidential medical and other personally identifiable information (“PII”) and many states have adopted or are considering new privacy laws, including legislation that would mandate new privacy safeguards, security standards, and data security breach notification requirements. Such state laws, if more stringent than HIPAA requirements, are not preempted by the federal requirements, and we are required to comply with them. In addition, the Federal Trade Commission, and analogous state agencies, may apply consumer protection laws to the context of data privacy. For example, the Federal Trade Commission has sanctioned companies for unfair trade practices when they failed to implement adequate security protection measures for sensitive personal information, or when they provided inadequate disclosures to consumers about the expansive scope of data mined from consumer activity.

Failure by us to comply with any of the federal and state standards regarding patient privacy and/or privacy more generally may subject us to penalties, including significant civil monetary penalties and, in some circumstances, criminal penalties. In addition, such failure may injure our reputation and adversely affect our ability to retain clients and attract new clients.

Even an unsuccessful challenge by regulatory authorities of our activities could result in adverse publicity and could require a costly response from us.

Anti-Kickback and Anti-Bribery Laws. There are federal and state laws that prohibit payment for patient referrals, patient brokering, remuneration of members, or billing based on referrals between individuals or entities that have various financial, ownership, or other business relationships with healthcare providers. In particular, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits offering, paying, soliciting, or receiving anything of value, directly or indirectly, for the referral of members covered by Medicare, Medicaid, and other federal healthcare programs or the leasing, purchasing, ordering, or arranging for or recommending the lease, purchase, or order of any item, good, facility, or service covered by these programs. A person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of the statute or specific intent to violate it to have committed a violation. Some enforcement activities focus on below or above market payments for federally reimbursable health care items or services as evidence of the intent to provide a kickback. Many states also have similar anti-kickback laws, some of which are applicable to all patients and that are not necessarily limited to items or services for which payment is made by a federal healthcare program. In addition, the federal physician self-referral prohibition — the Stark Law — is very complex in its application and prohibits physicians (and certain other healthcare professionals) from making a referral for a designated health service to a provider in which the referring healthcare professional (or spouse or any immediate family member) has a financial or ownership interest, unless an enumerated exception applies. The Stark Law also prohibits the billing for services rendered resulting from an impermissible referral. Many states also have similar anti-referral laws that are not necessarily limited to items or services for which payment is made by a federal healthcare program and may include patient disclosure requirements. Moreover, both federal and state laws prohibit bribery and similar behavior. Any determination by a state or federal regulatory agency that we or any of our clients, vendors, or partners violate or have violated any of these laws could subject us to significant civil or criminal penalties, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of our services fees, subject us to additional reporting requirements and oversight under a corporate integrity agreement or similar agreement to resolve allegations of noncompliance with these laws, cause us to be disqualified from serving clients doing business with government payers, and have an adverse effect on our business. Even an unsuccessful challenge by regulatory authorities of our activities could result in adverse publicity and could require a costly response from us.

Corporate Practice of Medicine Laws and Fee-Splitting Laws. Many states have enacted laws prohibiting physicians from practicing medicine in partnership with non-physicians, such as business corporations. In addition, many states prohibit certain licensed professionals, such as physicians, from splitting professional fees with non-licensees. As we do not engage in the practice of medicine, we do not contract with providers to render medical care, and we do not split fees with any medical professionals, we do not believe these laws restrict our business. Our activities involve only monitoring and analyzing historical claims data, including our Members’

 

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interactions with licensed healthcare professionals, and recommend the most suitable healthcare providers and/or sources of treatment. We do not provide medical prognosis or healthcare. In accordance with various states’ corporate practice of medicine laws and states’ laws and regulations which define the practice of medicine, our call center staff are prohibited from providing Members with any evaluation of any medical condition, diagnosis, prescription, care and/or treatment. Rather, our call center staff can only provide Members with general and publicly available information that is non-specific to the Members’ medical conditions and statistical information about the prevalence of medical conditions within certain populations or under certain circumstances. Our call center staffs do not discuss Members’ individual medical conditions and are prohibited from asking Members for any additional PHI as such term is defined under HIPAA. Our call center staff have been trained and instructed to always inform Members that they are not licensed medical professionals, are not providing medical advice, and that Members should reach out to their medical provider for any medical advice.

Medical professional regulation. The practice of most healthcare professions requires licensing under applicable state law. In addition, the laws in some states prohibit business entities from practicing medicine. In the future, we may contract with physicians, nurses, and nurse practitioners, who will assist our clients with the clients’ care coordination, care management, population health management, and patient safety activities that do not constitute the practice of medicine. We do not intend to provide medical care, treatment, or advice. However, any determination that we are acting in the capacity of a healthcare provider and acted improperly as a healthcare provider may result in additional compliance requirements, expense, and liability to us, and require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, including the use of licensed professionals to conduct the foregoing activities.

Medical Device Laws. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) may regulate medical or health-related software, including machine learning functionality and predictive algorithms, if such software falls within the definition of a “device” under the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA”). However, the FDA exercises enforcement discretion for certain low-risk software, as described in its guidance documents for Mobile Medical Applications, General Wellness: Policy for Low-Risk Devices, and Medical Device Data Systems, Medical Image Storage Devices, and Medical Image Communications Devices. In addition, in December of 2016, President Obama signed into law the 21st Century Cures Act, which included exemptions for certain medical-related software, including software used for administrative support functions at a healthcare facility, software intended for maintaining or encouraging a healthy lifestyle, electronic health record (“EHR”) software, software for transferring, storing, or displaying medical device data or in vitro diagnostic data, and certain clinical decision support software. The FDA has also issued draft guidance documents to clarify how it intends to interpret and apply the new exemptions under the 21st Century Cures Act. Although we believe that our software products are currently not subject to active FDA regulation, we continue to follow the FDA’s developments in this area. There is a risk that the FDA could disagree with our determination or that the FDA could develop new final guidance documents that would subject our Product to active FDA oversight. If the FDA determines that any of our current or future analytics applications are regulated as medical devices, we would become subject to various requirements under the FDCA and the FDA’s implementing regulations. Depending on the functionality and FDA classification of our analytics applications, we may be required to:

 

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register and list our A.I. products with the FDA;

 

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notify the FDA and demonstrate substantial equivalence to other products on the market before marketing our analytics applications;

 

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submit a de novo request to the FDA to down-classify our analytics applications prior to marketing; or

 

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obtain FDA approval by demonstrating safety and effectiveness before marketing our analytics applications.

The FDA can impose extensive requirements governing pre- and post-market conditions, such as service investigation and others relating to approval, labeling, and manufacturing. In addition, the FDA can impose extensive requirements governing software development controls and quality assurance processes.

 

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The A.I. algorithm is currently manufactured in Israel by Marpai Labs. The manufacturer is in the process of meeting all FDA importation clearance for the device. Additionally, the manufacturer is in the process of listing itself as a manufacturer with the FDA.

The A.I. algorithm has undergone testing to follow the Quality System regulation (that includes camp’s) (good manufacturing practices) and quality controls in the design, development, A.I. training and testing. Marpai A.I. algorithms have been validated by our R&D team to determine generalizability, accuracy and reliability and are monitored carefully. Additionally, the algorithms were trained on large, diverse patient datasets to ensure they are not biased and that they perform as assumed across diverse sets of patients and settings. The regulatory landscape is evolving, and FDA is in the process of issuing a comprehensive guidance on A.I. software which may change how our product is regulated.

Many states have licensing and other regulatory requirements requiring licensing of businesses which provide medical review services. These laws typically establish minimum standards for qualifications of personnel, confidentiality, internal quality control, and dispute resolution procedures. To the extent we are governed by these regulations, these regulatory programs may result in increased costs of operation for us, which may have an adverse impact upon our ability to compete with other available alternatives for healthcare cost control. In addition, new laws regulating the operation of managed care provider networks have been adopted by several states. These laws may apply to managed care provider networks we have contracts with. To the extent we are governed by these regulations, we may be subject to additional licensing requirements, financial and operational oversight and procedural standards for beneficiaries and providers.

These laws and regulations may change rapidly, and it is frequently unclear how they apply to our business. Any failure of our products or services to comply with these laws and regulations could result in substantial civil or criminal liability and could, among other things, adversely affect demand for our services, force us to expend significant capital, research and development, and other resources to address the failure, invalidate all or portions of some of our contracts with our clients, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of our revenue, cause us to be disqualified from serving clients doing business with government payers, and give our clients the right to terminate our contracts with them, any one of which could have an adverse effect on our business. Additionally, the introduction of new services may require us to comply with additional, yet undetermined, laws and regulations.

The security measures that we and our third-party vendors and subcontractors have in place to ensure compliance with privacy and data protection laws may not protect our facilities and systems from security breaches, acts of vandalism or theft, computer viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming and human errors, or other similar events. Under the HITECH Act, as a business associate, we may also be liable for privacy and security breaches and failures of our subcontractors, in addition to those that may be caused by us. Even though we provide for appropriate protections through our agreements with our subcontractors, we still have limited control over their actions and practices. A breach of privacy or security of individually identifiable health information by a subcontractor may result in an enforcement action, including criminal and civil liability, against us. We are not able to predict the extent of the impact such incidents may have on our business.

Our failure to comply may result in criminal and civil liability because the potential for enforcement action against business associates is now greater. Enforcement actions against us could be costly and could interrupt regular operations, which may adversely affect our business. While we have not received any notices of violation of the applicable privacy and data protection laws and believe we are in compliance with such laws, there can be no assurances that we will not receive such notices in the future or suffer a breach.

There is ongoing concern from privacy advocates, regulators, and others regarding data protection and privacy issues, and the number of jurisdictions with data protection and privacy laws has been increasing. Also, there are ongoing public policy discussions regarding whether the standards for de-identified, anonymous, or pseudonymized health information are sufficient, and the risk of re-identification sufficiently small, to adequately protect patient privacy. We expect that there will continue to be new proposed laws, regulations, and industry

 

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standards concerning privacy, data protection, and information security in the United States, including the California Consumer Privacy Act, which went into effect January 1, 2020, and similar laws which will take effect in Colorado and Virginia in 2023. We cannot yet determine the impact that any such future laws, regulations, and standards may have on our business. Future laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations, and changes in the interpretation of existing laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations could impair our or our clients’ ability to collect, use, or disclose information relating to consumers, which could decrease demand for or the effectiveness of our platform, increase our costs, and impair our ability to maintain and grow our client base and increase our revenue. New laws, amendments to or re-interpretations of existing laws and regulations, industry standards, contractual obligations, and other obligations may require us to incur additional costs and restrict our business operations. In view of new or modified federal, state, or foreign laws and regulations, industry standards, contractual obligations, and other legal obligations, or any changes in their interpretation, we may find it necessary or desirable to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or to expend significant resources to modify our software or platform and otherwise adapt to these changes.

Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with federal or state laws or regulations, industry standards, or other legal obligations, or any actual or suspected security incident, whether or not resulting in unauthorized access to, or acquisition, release, or transfer of personally identifiable information or other data, may result in governmental enforcement actions and prosecutions, private litigation, fines, and penalties or adverse publicity and could cause our clients to lose trust in us, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation and business. We may be unable to make such changes and modifications in a commercially reasonable manner or at all, and our ability to develop new products and features could be limited. Any of these developments could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Privacy and data security concerns, whether valid or not valid, may inhibit market adoption of our platform.

Further, on February 11, 2019, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology CMS proposed complementary new rules to support access, exchange, and use of electronic health information. The proposed rules, some of which have now been finalized and are in effect, are intended to clarify provisions of the 21st Century Cures Act regarding interoperability and “information blocking,” and have created significant new requirements for health care industry participants.

The CMS proposed rule focuses on health plans, payers, and health care providers and proposes measures to enable members to move from health plan to health plan, provider to provider, and have both their clinical and administrative information travel with them.

The rules, some of which have recently taken effect, may benefit us in that certain EHR vendors will no longer be permitted to interfere with our attempts at integration, but the rules may also make it easier for other similar companies to enter the market, creating increased competition, and reducing our market share. It is unclear at this time what the costs of compliance with the rules will be, and what additional risks there may be to our business, as only portions of the rules have become effective. For additional detail regarding health care reform activities that may impact our business, see “Item 1. Business—Government Regulation—Healthcare Reform.”

Management has limited administrative experience obtaining and maintaining the proper licensure and authorizations required for us to conduct TPA business.

We are required to maintain a Third-Party Administrator License in 43 states and are required to maintain registration as a foreign corporation in every state but Delaware, where we are incorporated. Management has limited experience in administering these licensures and authorizations. Our failure to maintain any Third-Party Administrator License or foreign qualification to do business will prohibit us from doing business in each state, and/or subject us to fines and other penalties. Our inability to maintain these licenses and qualifications will restrict our ability to conduct our TPA business or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our operations.

The State of Wisconsin did not renew our TPA license on August 1, 2023. We are actively pursuing alternatives to renewing our license in Wisconsin. A failure to renew our license may restrict our ability to conduct our TPA business or otherwise have an adverse effect on our operations.

 

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The healthcare regulatory and political framework is uncertain and evolving.

Healthcare laws and regulations are rapidly evolving and may change significantly in the future, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. For example, in March 2010, the Patient Protection and ACA was adopted, which is a healthcare reform measure that provides healthcare insurance for approximately 30 million more Americans. The ACA includes a variety of healthcare reform provisions and requirements that substantially changed the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers, which may significantly impact our industry and our business. Many of the provisions of the ACA phase in over the course of the next several years, and we may be unable to predict accurately what effect the ACA or other healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future, including amendments to the ACA, will have on our business. On December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court Judge in the Northern District of Texas, ruled that the individual mandate is a critical and inseverable feature of the ACA, and therefore, because it was repealed as part of the Tax Act, the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. On December 18, 2019, the Fifth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals held that the individual mandate is unconstitutional and remanded the case to the lower court to reconsider its earlier invalidation of the full ACA. Pending review, the ACA remains in effect, but it is unclear at this time what effect the latest ruling will have on the status of the ACA. Nevertheless, upon review by the U.S. Supreme Court, the plaintiffs in the Texas action were determined to lack standing, and as such, the case was reversed and remanded.

Our business could be adversely impacted by changes in laws and regulations related to the Internet or changes in access to the Internet generally.

The future success of our business depends upon the continued use of the Internet as a primary medium for communication, business applications, and commerce. Federal or state government bodies or agencies have in the past adopted, and may in the future adopt, laws or regulations affecting the use of the Internet as a commercial medium. Legislators, regulators, or government bodies or agencies may also make legal or regulatory changes or interpret or apply existing laws or regulations that relate to the use of the Internet in new and materially different ways. Changes in these laws, regulations or interpretations could require us to modify our platform to comply with these changes, to incur substantial additional costs or divert resources that could otherwise be deployed to grow our business, or expose us to unanticipated civil or criminal liability, among other things.

In addition, government agencies and private organizations have imposed, and may in the future impose, additional taxes, fees, or other charges for accessing the Internet or commerce conducted via the Internet. Internet access is frequently provided by companies that have significant market power and could take actions that degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of our clients’ use of our platform, which could negatively impact our business. Net neutrality rules, which were designed to ensure that all online content is treated the same by Internet service providers and other companies that provide broadband services were repealed by the Federal Communications Commission effective June 2018. The repeal of the net neutrality rules could force us to incur greater operating expenses or our clients’ use of our platform could be adversely affected, either of which could harm our business and results of operations.

These developments could limit the growth of Internet-related commerce or communications generally or result in reductions in the demand for Internet-based platforms and services such as ours, increased costs to us or the disruption of our business. In addition, as the Internet continues to experience growth in the numbers of users, frequency of use and amount of data transmitted, the use of the Internet as a business tool could be adversely affected due to delays in the development or adoption of new standards and protocols to handle increased demands of Internet activity, security, reliability, cost, ease-of-use, accessibility, and quality of service. The performance of the Internet and its acceptance as a business tool has been adversely affected by “viruses,” “worms,” and similar malicious programs and the Internet has experienced a variety of outages and other delays because of damage to portions of its infrastructure. If the use of the Internet generally, or our platform specifically, is adversely affected by these or other issues, we could be forced to incur substantial costs, demand for our platform could decline, and our results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

 

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Risks Related to Operating as a Public Emerging Growth Company

The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management’s attention, and affect our ability to attract and retain executive management and qualified board members.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the listing standards of Nasdaq and other applicable securities rules and regulations. We expect that the requirements of these rules and regulations will continue to increase our legal, accounting, and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, and costly, and place significant strain on our personnel, systems, and resources. For example, the Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business and results of operations. As a result of the complexity involved in complying with the rules and regulations applicable to public companies, our management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We also expect that being a public company and these rules and regulations will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Board, particularly to serve on our audit committee and compensation committee, and qualified executive officers.

As a result of disclosure of information in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible, which may result in an increased risk of threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and results of operations could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Risk Related to Our Class A Common Stock

Our issuance of additional capital stock in connection with financings, acquisitions, investments, the 2021 Plan or otherwise will dilute all other stockholders.

We expect that we will need to raise additional capital through equity and possibly debt financings to fund our ongoing operations and possible acquisitions. If we raise capital through equity financings in the future, that will result in dilution to all other stockholders. If we raise debt in the future, this debt may be perceived as increasing the risk associated with investing in our Class A Common Stock which may have a negative impact on the price of the stock. We also expect to grant substantial equity awards to employees, directors, and consultants under the 2021 Plan and we expect to ask our shareholders to approve a substantial increase to this incentive plan which will enable our Board to grant additional equity grants in the future, all of which will result in dilution or potential dilution to all the stockholders. As part of our business strategy, we may acquire or make investments in complementary companies, products, or technologies and issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition or investment. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the per-share value of our Class A common stock to decline.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our Class A common stock and, consequently, the ability of Class A common stockholders to achieve a return on investment will depend on appreciation, if any, in the price of our Class A common stock.

You should not rely on an investment in our Class A common stock to provide dividend income. We do not plan to declare or pay any dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Instead, we intend to retain any earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business. As a result, Class A common stockholders may only receive a return on investment if the market price of our Class A common stock increases.

 

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Certain of our founding shareholders will continue to own a significant percentage of our Class A common stock and will be able to exert significant control over matters subject to shareholder approval. -

Certain of our founding shareholders, including HillCour Investment Fund, LLC, WellEnterprises USA, LLC, Eli David, Yaron Eitan, Grays West Ventures LLC, and our Chief Executive Officer, Edmundo Gonzalez, collectively beneficially own more than 30% of our total voting power through an Agreement Relating to Voting Power Between Co-Founders of Marpai, Inc. and Grant of a Power of Attorney. These shareholders will collectively beneficially own approximately 33.8%. These shareholders can substantially influence us through this ownership position. For example, these shareholders may be able to control elections of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, or approval of any merger, sale of assets, or other major corporate transaction.

The interests of these shareholders may not always coincide with our corporate interests or the interests of other shareholders, and these shareholders may act in a manner with which you may not agree or that may not be in the best interests of our other shareholders. So long as these shareholders continue to own a significant amount of our equity collectively beneficially, they will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control our decisions.

We have been notified by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC of our failure to comply with certain continued listing requirements and, if we are unable to regain compliance with all applicable continued listing requirements and standards of Nasdaq, our common stock could be delisted from Nasdaq.

Our common stock is currently listed on Nasdaq. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity, minimum share price, and certain corporate governance requirements.

On May 31, 2023, we received a notification letter (the “Notice”) from Nasdaq advising us that for the last 30 consecutive business days preceding the date of the Notice, the Company’s Market Value of Listed Securities (“MVLS”) had been below the minimum of $35,000,000 required for continued listing on Nasdaq pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(2) (the “MVLS Requirement”).

In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(C), we have 180 calendar days, or until November 27, 2023, to regain compliance with the MVLS Requirement (the “Compliance Period”). Our securities will continue to trade on Nasdaq during the Compliance Period. To regain compliance, our securities must trade at or above a level such that our MVLS closes at or above $35,000,000 for a minimum of ten consecutive business days during the Compliance Period. If we do not regain compliance by November 27, 2023 (or the second compliance period, if applicable), then Nasdaq staff will provide written notice to us that our securities are subject to delisting. At that time, we may appeal the delisting determination to a Hearings Panel. We intend to monitor our MVLS and may, if appropriate, consider implementing available options to regain compliance with the MVLS Requirement.

In addition, on January 11, 2023, we received a written notification from Nasdaq notifying us that we were not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on Nasdaq, as set forth under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Minimum Bid Price Requirement”), because the closing bid price of our common stock was below $1.00 per share for the previous thirty (30) consecutive business days. We were granted 180 calendar days, or until July 10, 2023 to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement. In that regard, we effectuated the Reverse Stock Split on June 29, 2023 in order to comply with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement.

On July 14, 2023, we received a letter from Nasdaq notifying us that Nasdaq had determined that for ten consecutive business days, from June 29, 2023 to July 13, 2023, the closing bid price of our Class A common stock had been at $1.00 per share or greater and that accordingly, we had regained compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement and this matter is now closed.

 

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There can be no assurances that we will be able to regain compliance with the MVLS Requirement or if we do later regain compliance with the MVLS Requirement, that we will be able to continue to comply with all applicable Nasdaq listing requirements now or in the future. If we are unable to maintain compliance with these Nasdaq requirements, our common stock will be delisted from Nasdaq.

Future sales of our Class A common stock, or the perception that future sales may occur, may cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline, even if our business is doing well.

Sales of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could materially and adversely affect the price of our Class A common stock, and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.

In addition, as of June 30, 2023, we had 1,034,144 options outstanding that, if fully vested and exercised, would result in the issuance of shares of Class A common stock. All the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options and the shares reserved for future issuance under the 2021 Plan will be registered for public resale under the Securities Act.

Accordingly, these shares will be able to be freely sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to existing lock-up or market standoff agreements, volume limitations under Rule 144 for our executive officers and directors, and applicable vesting requirements.

The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile and may decline regardless of our operating performance, and you may lose all or part of your investments.

The market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

 

•

overall performance of the equity markets and/or publicly listed technology companies;

 

•

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our net revenue or other operating metrics;

 

•

changes in the financial projections we provide to the public or our failure to meet these projections;

 

•

failure of securities analysts to initiate or maintain coverage of us, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow our company, or our failure to meet the estimates or the expectations of investors;

 

•

the economy as a whole and market conditions in our industry;

 

•

political and economic stability in Israel;

 

•

exchange rate fluctuations between U.S. dollars and Israeli New Shekel;

 

•

rumors and market speculation involving us or other companies in our industry;

 

•

announcements by us or our competitors of significant innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments;

 

•

new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;

 

•

lawsuits threatened or filed against us;

 

•

recruitment or departure of key personnel;

 

•

other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism, or responses to these events; and

 

•

the expiration of contractual lock-up or market standoff agreements.

 

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In addition, extreme price and volume fluctuations in the stock markets have affected and continue to affect many technology companies’ stock prices. Often, their stock prices have fluctuated in ways unrelated or disproportionate to the companies’ operating performance. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a decline in the market price of its securities. This risk is especially relevant for us because technology and healthcare technology companies have experienced significant stock price volatility in recent years. If we face such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could harm our business.

A possible “short squeeze” due to a sudden increase in demand of our Class A common stock that largely exceeds supply may lead to price volatility in our Class A common stock.

Investors may purchase our common stock to hedge existing exposure in our Class A common stock or to speculate on the price of our Class A common stock. Speculation on the price of our Class A common stock may involve long and short exposures. To the extent aggregate short exposure exceeds the number of shares of our Class A common stock available for purchase in the open market, investors with short exposure may have to pay a premium to repurchase our common stock for delivery to lenders of our Class A common stock. Those repurchases may in turn, dramatically increase the price of us Class A common stock until investors with short exposure can purchase additional Class A common stock to cover their short position. This is often referred to as a “short squeeze.” A short squeeze could lead to volatile price movements in our common stock that are not directly correlated to the performance or prospects of our Class A common stock and once investors purchase the shares of Class A common stock necessary to cover their short position the price of our Class A common stock may decline.

Provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of our company more difficult, limit attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current Board and limit the market price of our Class A common stock.

Provisions in our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and bylaws may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. Our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws, include provisions that:

 

•

permit the Board to establish the number of directors and fill any vacancies and newly-created directorships; and

 

•

provide that the Board is expressly authorized to make, alter, or repeal our bylaws.

Moreover, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company. Section 203 imposes certain restrictions on mergers, business combinations, and other transactions between us and holders of 15% or more of our Class A common stock.

Our bylaws designate a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.

Our bylaws provide, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that a state or federal court located within the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law:

 

•

any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf;

 

•

any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty;

 

•

any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the DGCL, our Certificate of Incorporation, or our bylaws; or

 

•

any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

 

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This exclusive forum provision will not apply to any causes of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Nothing in our bylaws precludes stockholders that assert claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision which will be contained in us bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that derivative actions brought on our behalf, actions against our directors, officers, employees, or agent for breach of fiduciary duty and certain other actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware and the stockholders shall be deemed to have consented to this choice of forum provision, which may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, other employees or agents.

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any stockholder for (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (c) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by, or other wrongdoing by, any director, officer, employee or agent of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws, (d) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or bylaws, or (e) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint, claim or proceeding asserting a cause of action arising under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. Furthermore, Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. Stockholders cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provision in our Certificate of Incorporation.

The choice-of-forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the Company or its directors, officers or other employees, and may result in increased costs to a stockholder who has to bring a claim in a forum that is not convenient to the stockholder, which may discourage such lawsuits. Although under Section 115 of the DGCL, exclusive forum provisions may be included in a company’s certificate of incorporation, the enforceability of similar forum provisions in other companies’ certificates or incorporation or bylaws has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that a court could find these types of provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable. If a court were to find the exclusive forum provision of our Certificate of Incorporation inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and Board.

Our failure to meet the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market could result in a de-listing of our common stock.

Our shares of common stock are listed for trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MRAI.” If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Capital Market such as the corporate governance requirements, the stockholder’s equity requirement or the minimum closing bid price requirement, The Nasdaq Capital Market may take steps to de-list our common stock or warrants. Such a de-listing or even notification of failure to comply with such requirements would likely have a negative effect on the price of our

 

45

common stock and warrants would impair your ability to sell or purchase our common stock when you wish to do so. In the event of a de-listing, we would take actions to restore our compliance with The Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements, but we can provide no assurance that any such action taken by us would allow our common stock become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of our common stock, prevent our common stock from dropping below The Nasdaq Capital Market, minimum bid price requirement or prevent future non-compliance with The Nasdaq Capital Market’s listing requirements.

The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Because our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market, our common stock is covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of covered securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. Further, if we were to be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market, our common stock would cease to be recognized as covered securities and we would be subject to regulation in each state in which we offer our securities.

Risks Related to this Offering

Our common stock price may be volatile or may decline regardless of our operating performance and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the public offering price.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market; however, it is possible that an active trading market will not develop or continue or, if developed, that any market will be sustained, which could make it difficult for you to sell your shares of our common stock at an attractive price or at all. The public offering price of our common stock will be determined by negotiations between us and the representative of the underwriters based upon a number of factors and may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the open market following the consummation of this offering. Consequently, you may not be able to sell our shares of common stock at prices equal to or greater than the price you paid in this offering.

Volatility in the market price of our common stock may prevent you from being able to sell your shares at or above the price you paid for them. Many factors, which are outside our control, may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate significantly, including those described elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section and this prospectus, as well as the following:

 

•

Our operating and financial performance and prospects;

 

•

Our quarterly or annual earnings or those of other companies in our industry compared to market expectations;

 

•

Conditions that impact demand for our products;

 

•

Future announcements concerning our business or our competitors’ businesses;

 

•

The public’s reaction to our press releases, other public announcements, and filings with the SEC;

 

•

The size of our public float;

 

•

Coverage by or changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or failure to meet their expectations;

 

•

Market and industry perception of our success, or lack thereof, in pursuing our growth strategy;

 

•

Strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings;

 

•

Changes in laws or regulations that adversely affect our industry or us;

 

•

Changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations, or principles;

 

•

Changes in senior management or key personnel;

 

46

•

Issuances, exchanges or sales, or expected issuances, exchanges or sales of our capital stock;

 

•

Changes in our dividend policy;

 

•

Adverse resolution of new or pending litigation against us; and

 

•

Changes in general market, economic, and political conditions in the U.S. and global economies or financial markets, including those resulting from natural disasters, terrorist attacks, acts of war, and responses to such events.

As a result, volatility in the market price of our common stock may prevent investors from being able to sell their common stock at or above the public offering price or at all. These broad market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In addition, price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of our common stock is low. As a result, you may suffer a loss on your investment.

Additionally, recently, securities of certain companies have experienced significant and extreme volatility in stock price due to short sellers of shares of common stock, known as a “short squeeze.” These short squeezes have caused extreme volatility in those companies and in the market and have led to the price per share of those companies to trade at significantly inflated rates that is disconnected from the underlying value of the company. Many investors who have purchased shares in those companies at an inflated rate face the risk of losing a significant portion of their original investment as the price per share has declined steadily as interest in those stocks have abated. While we have no reason to believe our shares would be the target of a short squeeze, there can be no assurance that we won’t be in the future, and you may lose a significant portion or all of your investment if you purchase our shares at a rate that is significantly disconnected from our underlying value.

You will suffer immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the common stock you purchase.

The price you pay for shares of our common stock sold in this offering is substantially higher than our as adjusted net tangible book value per share. Based on the assumed public offering price for our common stock of $                per share, you will incur immediate dilution in net tangible book value per share of $                . Dilution is the difference between the offering price per share and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after the offering. As a result of this dilution, investors purchasing stock in this offering may receive significantly less than the full purchase price that they paid for the stock purchased in this offering in the event of liquidation. See “Dilution.”

We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may not use them effectively.

Our management has broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from that offering, and you do not have the opportunity to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. The failure by our management to apply those funds effectively could harm our business.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds from our issuance and sale of shares of our common stock in this offering will be approximately $                million, assuming a public offering price of $                per share, and after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full to cover overallotments, if any, we estimate that our net proceeds will be approximately $                million.

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $                per share would increase (decrease) the aggregate net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $                million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, each increase (decrease) of 250,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by approximately $                million, assuming that the assumed public offering price remains the same, and after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for the repayment of debt relating to our acquisition of Maestro Health (in an amount equal to not less than 35% of the funds raised in the offering) and the balance for working capital and general corporate purposes.

On August 4, 2022, we entered into the Agreement with the Sellers to consummate the Maestro Acquisition. The Equity Sellers owned an aggregate of 100% of the issued and outstanding Units of Maestro Health. The Maestro Acquisition closed on October 31, 2022, and was subject to certain customary closing conditions as contained in the Agreement, including: (i) that the Equity Sellers shall have sold, assigned, transferred, conveyed and delivered to the Company all of the Equity Sellers’ rights, title, and interests in and to all of the Units; and (ii) the Debt Seller shall have irrevocably transferred and assigned to us all of the Debt Seller’s rights and obligations with respect to receiving payments under that certain Term Loan Agreement, dated May 11, 2022, by and between the Debt Seller and Maestro Health, in the principal amount of $59,900,000.

In consideration for our acquisition of the Units, we agreed to pay the Sellers the Purchase Price of $19,900,000 determined on the closing date, which shall be payable on or before the Payment Date, and shall accrue interest until such time that is paid, such that, on the Payment Date, the Base Purchase Price, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, shall equal $22,100,000 (for clarity, the Base Purchase Price shall be adjusted, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement). We agreed to pay the Equity Sellers an amount equal to $100 and the balance of the Purchase Price is to be paid to the Debt Seller for the repayment of the AXA Note. In no event will we be responsible for any further payments for the repayment of the AXA Note other than the repayment of the Purchase Price as provided in the Agreement. Following the Payment Date, any unpaid portion of the Purchase Price shall accrue interest at the Specified Rate, and shall be repaid as promptly as practicable to the Debt Seller. In addition, in the event we or one of our subsidiaries receive any proceeds from the sale of any securities in an Offering, then we shall pay to the Debt Seller an amount equal to thirty-five percent (35%) of the net proceeds of the Offering no later than sixty (60) days after the closing of Offering until such time as the Purchase Price has been paid in full. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we shall be required to make accumulated annual payments to the Debt Seller, representing the Purchase Price, as follows: (i) $5,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2024, (ii) $11,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2025, and (iii) $19,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2026. We are obligated to pay the full amount of any unpaid Purchase Price (inclusive of any accrued interest) by no later than year-end 2027.

We believe opportunities may exist from time to time to expand our current business through acquisitions of, or investments in, complementary businesses, products or technologies. While we currently have no agreements or commitments to complete any such transaction at this time, we may use a portion of the net proceeds for these purposes.

 

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The expected use of net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current plans and business conditions, which could change in the future as our plans and business conditions evolve. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including the progress of our development and any unforeseen cash needs. As a result, our management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of the net proceeds. We cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon the closing of this offering.

Based on our current operational plans and assumptions, we expect that the net proceeds from this offering together with our existing cash and grant funding balances will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least 12 months from the closing of this offering. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our available capital resources sooner that we currently expect. Pending use of the proceeds as described above, we intend to invest the proceeds in a variety of capital preservation investments, including interest-bearing, investment-grade instruments and U.S. government securities.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We presently intend to retain our earnings, if any, to finance the development and growth of our business and operations and do not anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

Any future determination as to the declaration and payment of dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend on then-existing conditions, including our operating results, financial condition, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects, and other factors our Board may deem relevant.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our cash and capitalization as of June 30, 2023, as follows:

 

•

on an actual basis; and

 

•

on an as adjusted basis to reflect our issuance and sale of shares of our common stock in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $                per share, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable.

 

		As of June 30, 2023
		Actual				As Adjusted
		(unaudited)				(unaudited)
Cash and cash equivalents		$	8,726,150			$
Total liabilities		$	46,392,933
Stockholder’s equity:
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 227,791,050 shares authorized; 5,403,121 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 227,791,050 shares authorized; 7,255,818 shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted			725
Additional paid-in capital			61,754,084
Accumulated deficit			(64,423,569	)
Total stockholders’ equity			(2,668,760	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	43,724,173			$

Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $                per share, would increase (decrease) our as adjusted cash, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity (deficit) and total capitalization by approximately $                million, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Each increase (decrease) of 250,000 shares in the number of shares of common stock offered by us would increase (decrease) our as adjusted cash, additional paid-in capital, total stockholders’ equity (deficit) and total capitalization by approximately $                million, assuming the public offering price of $                per share, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The as adjusted information discussed above is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

The number of shares of common stock that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 7,255,818 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2023, and excludes the following:

 

•

1,034,144 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of common stock outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.16 per share;

 

•

126,042 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units;

 

•

504,718 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase shares of common stock outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $20.26 per share; and

 

•

862,237 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan.

 

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DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted immediately to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of our common stock and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

Our historical net tangible book value as of June 30, 2023 was a negative ($2,668,760), or a negative $(0.37) per share of our common stock. Our historical net tangible book value (deficit) is the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities. Historical net tangible book value per share represents historical net tangible book value (deficit) divided by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2023.

After giving effect to our issuance and sale of shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $                per share, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions, estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2023 would have been approximately $                million, or approximately $                per share. This represents an immediate increase in as adjusted net tangible book value per share of $                to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value per share of approximately $                to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering. Dilution per share to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering is determined by subtracting as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the assumed public offering price per share paid by new investors.

The following table illustrates this dilution on a per share basis:

 

Assumed public offering price per share		$
Historical net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2023			(0.37	)
Increase attributable to adjustment		$
As adjusted net tangible book value		$
Dilution per share to new investors purchasing shares in this offering		$

Each $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed public offering price of $                per share, would increase (decrease) the as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $                per share and the dilution to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering by $                per share, assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. An increase of 250,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would increase the as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $                and the dilution to new investors participating in this offering by $                , assuming no change in the assumed public offering price and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. A decrease of 250,000 shares in the number of shares offered by us would decrease the as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by ($                ) and the dilution to new investors participating in this offering by $                , assuming no change in the assumed public offering price and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock in this offering in full at the assumed public offering price of $                per share, and assuming the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, the as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering would be $                per share, and the dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors purchasing common stock in this offering would be $                per share.

 

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The number of shares of common stock that will be outstanding after this offering is based on 7,255,818 shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and excludes the following:

1,034,144 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase shares of common stock outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $5.16 per share;

126,042 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock units;

504,718 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase shares of common stock outstanding, with a weighted-average exercise price of $20.26 per share; and

862,237 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2021 Plan.

To the extent that any outstanding options are exercised, or new options are issued under the equity benefit plans, or we issue additional shares of common stock or convertible securities in the future, there will be further dilution to investors participating in this offering.

The following table summarizes, on an as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2023, after giving effect to the aggregate of shares of our common stock upon the closing of this offering, the total consideration paid or to be paid and the average price per share paid or to be paid by existing stockholders and by new investors in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $                per share, before deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. As the table shows, new investors purchasing common stock in this offering will pay an average price per share substantially higher than our existing stockholders paid.

 

Shares Purchased

Total Consideration

Weighted Average Price Per Share

Number

Percent

Amount

Percent

Existing stockholders before this offering

%

$

%

$

Investors participating in this offering

%

$

%

$

Total

%

$

%

$

The table above assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares in this offering. If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full, the number of shares of our common stock held by existing stockholders would be reduced to                % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering, and the number of shares of common stock held by new investors participating in the offering would be increased to                % of the total number of shares outstanding after this offering.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with our financial statements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis and other parts of this prospectus contain forward-looking statements based upon current beliefs, plans and expectations related to future events and our future financial performance that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, such as statements regarding our intentions, plans, objectives, expectations, forecasts and projections. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those set forth under the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should carefully read the “Risk Factors” to gain an understanding of the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements. Please also see the section titled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

We are a technology-driven healthcare payer, which uses A.I. and data analytics to help our Clients lower their cost of healthcare by enabling better health outcomes for their employees and families. Our mission is to positively change healthcare for the benefit of (i) our Clients who are self-insured employers that pay for their employees’ healthcare benefits and engage us to administer the latter’s healthcare claims, and we refer to them as our “Clients”, (ii) employees and their family members who receive these healthcare benefits from our Clients, and we refer to them as our “Members”, and (iii) healthcare providers including, doctors, doctor groups, hospitals, clinics, and any other entities providing healthcare services or products, and we refer to them as the “Providers.” We are creating the healthcare payer of the future for self-insured employers in the U.S., what we refer to as the “Payer of the Future.” We provide administrative services, and act as TPA to self-insured employers who provide healthcare benefits to their employees. Most of our Clients are small and medium-sized companies as well as local government entities. Currently, we have over 180 Clients. We provide services to a total of over 40,000 of our Clients’ employees, and including their spouses and dependents, we serve a total of over 70,000 Members in 44 states in addition to the District of Columbia.

Industry Trends in the Healthcare Payer

Today, we see some megatrends that enable our market setup.

 

•

Rising Healthcare Costs leads to an increase of self-insured companies. Healthcare expenditures have grown in the U.S. from 5% of gross domestic product (“GDP”) in 1960 to 18.3% of GDP in 2021, according to Statistica, a consultancy. The cost of an employer-sponsored health plan covering a family rose from $15,745 in 2012 to $22,463 in 2022, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation’s 2022 Employer Health Benefits Survey. Moreover, during the same period the employee contribution to these costs rose from $4,316 in 2012 to $6,106 in 2022 according to the same survey.

 

•

Advancements in A.I. and Medical Foundation Models lead to higher prediction accuracy with lower training data needs. There are more than 80 clinical foundation models built from healthcare data such as insurance claims. This publicly available research allows new applications in healthcare and supercharges engineering focused healthcare companies. Applications such as extracting drug names, responding to patient questions via bots, and predicting high cost bloomers (or, Members whose cost may be similar to the average of the plan now, but in the future, they may cost several times the average), forecasting risk of an individual patient, summarizing medical dialogues, and becoming more accessible.

 

•

Value-based care (“VBC”) is an increasingly popular reimbursement model. VBC ties provider reimbursements to the quality of care delivered and thus often results in reduced costs and improved

 

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care over time. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) aims for all of Medicare and almost all of Medicaid to be in value-based arrangements by 2030. We see a strong interest in the commercial sector. One study suggests that value-based care models are expected to increase from 40-45 million in 2022 to 70-80 million in 2027. We assume that the number of patients treated by physicians within the value-based care landscape could roughly double in the next five years, growing approximately 15 percent per annum.

 

•

Supporting the rising demand in value based care contracts we see a rise of technology enabled integrated care providers offering risk-based care contracts. —  In 2021, more than $29.1 billion of venture funding was invested in Value-Based Health companies and digital health startups, up from $14.9 billion in 2020, and there are now over 1,900 venture-backed VBC and digital health companies.

We, believe that we are uniquely positioned to connect the growing need of the market for VBC contracts with the growing number of providers. Our A.I. platform identifies opportunities and connects members in need with the best possible VBC contract.

Key drivers of healthcare cost increases are chronic diseases and various forms of waste.

Chronic diseases — According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”), chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and pulmonary conditions, account for 75% of the U.S. aggregate spending on healthcare each year. Our Clients’ data also suggest that the cost of care for a Member with a chronic condition, such as diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“COPD”) and kidney diseases, is two to four times as much as the average cost of care for one without any chronic conditions. As many chronic diseases can be prevented and managed given early detection, it is vital that a patient who is on a path to develop these chronic diseases be identified and be given preventive care treatments as early as possible.

Waste — A survey of 54 peer-reviewed studies found that up to 30% of medical spending is wasted, according to “Waste in the US Health Care System — Estimated Costs and Potential for Savings,” published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (“JAMA”) in October 2019. Among the waste identified, they include:

 

•

Waste related to care coordination (organizing a patient’s care to achieve safe and effective care) — $27 billion to $78 billion annually;

 

•

Waste related to failure of care delivery (timely and effective care) — $102 billion to $166 billion annually; and

 

•

Waste related to failure to obtain the best pricing — $231 billion to $240 billion annually.

In our own Clients’ data, we see wide price variations for the same medical/healthcare procedure in the same city of between four and seven times the median cost. According to a study by UnitedHealth in published in May 2019, one of the largest payers in the U.S., reducing the cost variations of common tests could result in an annual saving of $18 billion.

Market Opportunities

The average annual healthcare expenditure is approximately $12,914 per person, according to the CMS as of 2021. 65% of American workers are covered by employer healthcare plans that are self-funded, according to Statistica. Given the number of American workers this implies total spending of $1.4 trillion on healthcare via employer-sponsored self-funded health plans.

Based on our analysis of actual PEPM expenses received by us and the estimated employee lives in self-funded employer health plans of 108 million, according to Statistica, we estimate our total addressable market (“TAM”) to be up to $63 billion. The drivers of the expansion of our TAM are recently acquired products from our acquisition of Maestro Health. These complement the traditional administrative fees, which most TPA’s charge, and enhance our revenue per employee.

 

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Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

The following tables set forth our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated.

 

		Three Months Ended June 30,
		2023				2022				Change				%
Revenue		$	10,046,980			$	5,556,506			$	4,490,474				80.8	%
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)			6,429,688				4,151,560				2,278,128				54.9	%
General and administrative			5,725,071				2,319,977				3,405,094				146.8	%
Sales and marketing			1,473,311				2,216,788				(743,477	)			(33.5	)%
Information technology			1,319,443				1,189,733				129,710				10.9	%
Research and development			523,432				1,309,157				(785,725	)			(60.0	)%
Depreciation and amortization			1,002,946				776,411				226,535				29.18	%
Loss on disposal of assets			343,588				60,471				283,117				468.19	%
Facilities			500,189				196,341				303,848				154.8	%
Total costs and expenses			17,317,668				12,220,438				(5,097,230	)			(41.7	)%
Operating loss			(7,270,688	)			(6,663,932	)			606,756				(9.1	)%
Other income and (expenses)
Other income (expense), net			50,451				(9,706	)			60,157				(619.8	)%
Interest expense			(333,279	)			(562	)			(332,717	)			59202.3	%
Foreign exchange gain (loss)			(3,104	)			9,418				(12,522	)			(133.0	)%
Total other income (expense)			(285,932	)			(850	)			285,082				(33539.1	)%
Loss before income taxes			(7,556,620	)			(6,664,782	)			891,838				(13.4	)%
Income tax expense			—				—				—				—
Net loss			(7,556,620	)			(6,664,782	)			891,838				(13.4	)%
Net loss per share, basic and fully diluted			(1.10	)			(1.34	)			(0.24	)			17.8	%

 

		Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023				2022				Change				%
Revenue		$	19,719,024			$	11,775,315			$	7,943,709				67.5	%
Costs and expenses
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)			12,838,490				8,698,355				4,140,135				47.6	%
General and administrative			10,951,490				5,222,109				5,729,381				109.7	%
Sales and marketing			3,652,428				3,775,904				(123,476	)			(3.3	)%
Information technology			3,506,252				2,324,006				1,182,246				50.9	%
Research and development			1,023,641				1,902,264				(878,623	)			(46.2	)%
Depreciation and amortization			2,046,582				1,601,809				444,773				27.77	%
Loss on disposal of assets			343,588				60,471				283,117				468.19	%
Facilities			1,150,025				392,936				757,089				192.7	%
Total costs and expenses			35,512,496				23,977,854				(11,534,642	)			(48.1	)%
Operating loss			(15,793,472	)			(12,202,539	)			3,590,933				(29.4	)%
Other income and (expenses)
Other income, net			100,905				39,291				61,614				156.8	%

 

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		Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023				2022				Change				%
Interest expense, net			(718,289	)			(4,507	)			(713,782	)			15837.2	%
Foreign exchange (loss) gain			(18,613	)			13,309				(31,922	)			(239.9	)%
Total other (expense) income			(635,997	)			48,093				(684,090	)			(1422.4	)%
Loss before income taxes			(16,429,469	)			(12,154,446	)			(4,275,023	)			35.2	%
Income tax expense			—				—				—				—
Net loss			(16,429,469	)			(12,154,446	)			(4,275,023	)			35.2	%
Net loss per share, basic and fully diluted			(2.70	)			(2.46	)			(0.25	)			10.0	%

Comparison of the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

Revenues and Cost of Revenue

During the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our total revenue was $10,046,980 and $5,556,506, respectively, representing an increase in revenue of $4,490,475. The main reason for the increase in revenues was due to the revenue generated by Maestro amounting to $5,674,259 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), partially offset by a decline of $1,452,708 in revenue due to the termination by the Company, effective September 2022, of a contract with a client that failed to meet its contractual obligations.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our total revenue was $19,719,024 and $11,775,315, respectively, representing an increase in revenue of $7,943,709. The main reason for the increase in revenues was due to the revenue generated by Maestro amounting to $10,711,683 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), partially offset by a decline of $2,779,775 in revenue due to the termination by the Company, effective September 2022, of a contract with a client that failed to meet its contractual obligations.

Total revenues consist of fees that we charge our customers in consideration for administering their self-insured healthcare plans as well as fees that we receive for ancillary services such as care management, case management, cost containment services, and other services provided to our customers by us or other vendors.

During the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our cost of revenue exclusive of depreciation and amortization was $6,429,688 and $4,151,560, respectively, representing an increase of $2,278,128. The main reason for the increase in the cost of revenue was due to the cost of revenue generated by Maestro amounting to $2,780,535 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), and increased computer and telephone costs of $377,012 due to vendor alignment between Maestro and Marpai, partially offset by the reduction in the cost of revenues amounting to $1,073,555 relating to the termination of the customer contract described above.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, our cost of revenue exclusive of depreciation and amortization was $12,838,490 and $8,698,355, respectively, representing an increase of $4,140,134. The main reason for the increase in the cost of revenue was due to the cost of revenue generated by Maestro amounting to $5,538,618 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), increased computer and telephone costs of $588,881 due to vendor alignment between Maestro and Marpai, partially offset by the reduction in the cost of revenues amounting to $2,145,471 relating to the termination of the customer contract described above.

Total cost of revenues consists of (i) service fees, which primarily include vendor fees associated with the client’s benefit program selections, (ii) the direct labor cost associated with claim management and processing services, and (iii) direct labor costs associated with providing customer support and services to the clients, members, and other external stakeholders.

 

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Research and Development Expenses

We incurred $523,432 of research and development expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $1,309,157 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $785,725. The decrease is attributable to (i) decreased expenditures in EYME amounting to approximately $217,459, associated primarily with a lower number of research and development employees in the three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022, (ii) a decrease in employee stock based compensation of $258,053, and (iii) in 2022, the President of Production and Development’s time was split and allocated with $300,811 being included in research and development expenses, but no allocation was made for research and development in 2023 due to change in presidents job responsibilities.

We incurred $1,023,641 of research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $1,902,264 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $878,623. The decrease is attributable to (i) decreased expenditures in EYME amounting to approximately $251,862, associated primarily with a lower number of research and development employees in the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022, (ii) a decrease in employee stock based compensation of $316,547, and (iii) in 2022, the President of Production and Development’s time was split and allocated with $300,811 being included in research and development expenses, but no allocation was made for research and development in 2023 due to change in presidents job responsibilities. .

General and Administrative Expenses

We incurred $5,725,071 of general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $2,319,977 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $3,405,094. The reason for the increase is due to (i) general and administrative expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $2,638,099 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), (ii) an increase in legal and professional fees expenses of $140,482 due to exploration of equity possibilities and additional audit services, and (iii) an increase in Marpai Administrators’ employee cost of approximately $550,000 severance and expanded leadership.

We incurred $10,951,490 of general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $5,222,109 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $5,729,381. The reason for the increase is due to (i) general and administrative expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $4,589,304 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), (ii) an increase in legal and professional fees expenses of $256,566 due to exploration of equity possibilities and additional audit services, and (iii) an increase in Marpai Administrators’ employee cost of approximately $1,100,000 severance and expanded leadership.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

We incurred $1,473,311 of sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $2,216,788 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $743,477. This decrease was primarily due to (i) reduction in outside marketing cost of $458,207, (ii) decreased expenditures amounting to approximately $190,000, associated with a lower number of sales and marketing employees, (iii) a decrease in employee stock based compensation of $346,743, all partially offset by sales and marketing expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $329,805 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022).

We incurred $3,652,428 of sales and marketing expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $3,775,904 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $123,476. This decrease was primarily due to a reduction in outside marketing cost of $1,044,329, partially offset by sales and marketing expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $968,563 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022).

 

58

Information Technology Expenses

We incurred $1,319,443 of information technology expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $1,189,733 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $129,710. This increase was primarily due to information technology expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $520,609 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), offset by the allocation in 2022 of the President of Production and Development’s time of $300,811 being included in information technology expenses but no allocation was made to information technology in 2023, as well as a reduction in employee expenses of approximately $90,000.

We incurred $3,506,252 of information technology expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $2,324,006 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $1,182,246. This increase was primarily due to information technology expenses generated by Maestro amounting to $1,683,517 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022).

Depreciation and Amortization

We incurred $1,002,946 of depreciation and amortization expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $776,411 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $226,535. This increase was primarily due to (i) depreciation and amortization expense generated by Maestro amounting to $104,151 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), and (ii) the increase in depreciation of leasehold improvements to match the ending of the lease term of approximately $100,000.

We incurred $2,046,582 of depreciation and amortization expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $1,601,809 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $444,773. This increase was primarily due to (i) depreciation and amortization expense generated by Maestro amounting to $228,672 (which were not included in the operating results of the Company prior to its acquisition on November 1, 2022), (ii) the increase in depreciation of leasehold improvements to match the ending of the lease term of approximately $100,000, and (iii) the increase in amortization of software expense in the amount of $94,114.

Loss on Disposal of Assets

We incurred $343,588 of loss on disposal of assets for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared, to $60,471 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $283,117. This increase was primarily due to disposal of furniture and leasehold improvement assets that were no longer needed as the lease terms ended.

We incurred $343,588 of loss on disposal of assets for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared, to $60,471 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $283,117. This increase was primarily due to disposal of furniture and leasehold improvement assets that were no longer needed as the lease terms ended.

Interest Expense, net

We incurred $333,279 of interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $562 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $332,717. Interest expense increased primarily due to the interest accrued on outstanding debt relating to the acquisition of Maestro which closed on November 1, 2022.

We incurred $718,289 of interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $4,507 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $713,782. Interest expense increased primarily due to the interest accrued on outstanding debt relating to the acquisition of Maestro which closed on November 1, 2022.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $64.4 million, unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of approximately $8.7 million and working capital of approximately $1.5 million. For the

 

59

six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized a net loss of approximately $16.4 million and negative cash flows from operations of approximately $8.7 million.

The Company has spent most of its cash resources on funding its operating activities. Through June 30, 2023, the Company has financed its operations primarily with the proceeds from the issuance of convertible promissory notes and warrants as sales of its equity securities.

On April 19, 2023, we closed a public offering of 1,850,000 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $4.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $7.4 million. After deducting underwriters’ discounts and offering expenses, the net proceeds from the public offering were approximately $6.4 million. In accordance with the terms of the Maestro share purchase agreement, $2,294,751 or 35% of the net proceeds from the offering were expected to be used to pay down the debt to the seller. Based on an agreement reached with the seller on July 18, 2023, 50% of the amount due or $1,147,376 was paid to the seller on July 19, 2023 and the balance will be paid no later than September 18, 2023.

Management continues to evaluate additional funding alternatives and is seeking to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities.

If we are unable to raise additional capital moving forward, our ability to operate in the normal course and continue to invest in its product portfolio may be materially and adversely impacted and we may be forced to scale back operations or divest some or all of our assets.

As a result of the above, in connection with our assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that our liquidity condition raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern through twelve months from the date these condensed consolidated financial statements are available to be issued. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Cash Flows

The following tables summarizes selected information about our sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022

 

		Six Months Ended June 30,
		2023				2022
Net cash used in operating activities		$	(8,739,102	)		$	(10,122,604	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			17,946				(619,990	)
Net cash provided by financing activities			6,431,879				—
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		$	(2,289,277	)		$	(10,742,594	)

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities totaled $8,739,102 for the six months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $1,383,502 as compared to $10,122,604 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. Net cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by our net loss for the period of $16,429,471 net of (i) non-cash items totaling $5,317,156 and (ii) decrease in net working capital items amounting to $2,373,210.

 

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Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

A total of $17,946 was provided by investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $637,936 as compared to $619,990 in cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The primary reason for the decline is the decline in the capitalization of software development costs.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

A total of $6,431,879 was received from financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2023, comprising of net proceeds provided from a public offering of common stock of $6,431,615 and $264 provided from the exercising of stock options.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the applicable periods. We evaluate our estimates, assumptions and judgments on an ongoing basis. Our estimates, assumptions and judgments are based on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Different assumptions and judgments would change the estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements, which, in turn, could change the results from those reported.

See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus for a description of the significant accounting policies that we use to prepare our consolidated financial statements.

Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial and Accounting Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial and Accounting Officer have concluded that, during the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such

Capitalized Software

We comply with the guidance of ASC Topic 350-40, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other — Internal Use Software”, in accounting for the Company’s internally developed system projects that it utilizes to provide its services to customers. These system projects generally relate to the Company’s software that is not intended for sale or otherwise marketed. Internal and external costs incurred during the preliminary project stage are expensed as they are incurred. Once a project has reached the development stage, we capitalize direct internal and external costs until the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Costs for upgrades and enhancements are capitalized, whereas costs incurred for maintenance are expensed as incurred. These capitalized software costs are amortized on a project by- project basis over the expected economic life of the underlying software on a straight-line basis, which is generally three to five years. Amortization commences when the software is available for its intended use.

 

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Goodwill

Goodwill is recognized and initially measured as any excess of the acquisition-date consideration transferred in a business combination over the acquisition-date amounts recognized for the net identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not result in an impairment of goodwill. We operate in one reporting segment and reporting unit; therefore, goodwill is tested for impairment at the consolidated level. First, we assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than it’s carrying amount. If we conclude that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a quantitative goodwill impairment test comparing the fair value of the applicable reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, we recognize an impairment loss in the consolidated statement of operations for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. We perform the annual goodwill impairment test on December 31. There was no goodwill impairment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis, net operating losses, tax credit and other carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates when the assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. We regularly review deferred tax assets for realizability and to establish valuation allowances based on available evidence including historical operating losses, projected future taxable income, expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences, and appropriate tax planning strategies. If our assessment of the realizability of a deferred tax asset changes, an increase to a valuation allowance will result in a reduction of net earnings at that time, while the reduction of a valuation allowance will result in an increase of net earnings at that time.

We follow ASC Topic 740-10-65-1 in accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing rules for recognition, measurement, and classification in financial statements of tax positions taken or expected to be in a tax return. This prescribes a two-step process for the financial statement measurement and recognition of a tax position. The first step involves the determination of whether it is more likely than not (greater than 50 percent likelihood) that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. The second step requires that any tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold be measured and recognized in the financial statements at the largest amount of benefit that is a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. This topic also provides guidance on the accounting for related interest and penalties, financial statement classification and disclosure. Our policy is that any interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized in income tax expense when incurred. We have no uncertain tax positions or related interest or penalties requiring accrual on December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when control of the promised services is transferred to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be entitled to in exchange for those services. As we complete our performance obligations, which are identified below, we have an unconditional right to consideration, as outlined in our contracts.

All of our contracts with customers obligate us to perform services. Services provided include health and welfare administration, dependent eligibility verification, COBRA administration, benefit billing, clinical care, and cost containment. Revenue is recognized over time as services are provided as the performance obligations are satisfied through the effort expended to research, investigate, evaluate, document, and report claims, and control of these services is transferred to the customer. We have the right to receive payment for all services rendered.

 

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The transaction price of a contract is the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer.

To determine the transaction price of a contract, we consider our customary business practices and the terms of the contract. For the purpose of determining transaction prices, we assume that the services will be transferred to the customer as promised in accordance with existing contracts and that the contracts will not be canceled, renewed, or modified.

Our contracts with customers have fixed fee prices that are denominated per employee per month. We include amounts of variable consideration in a contract’s transaction price only to the extent that it is probable that the amounts will not be subject to significant reversals (that is, downward adjustments to revenue recognized for satisfied performance obligations). In determining amounts of variable consideration to include in a contract’s transaction price, we rely on our experience and other evidence that supports our qualitative assessment of whether revenue would be subject to a significant reversal. We consider all the facts and circumstances associated with both the risk of a revenue reversal arising from an uncertain future event and the magnitude of the reversal if that uncertain event were to occur.

Share-Based Compensation

We account for share-based awards issued to employees in accordance with ASC Topic 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation”. In addition, we issue stock options to non-employees in exchange for consulting services and accounts for these in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-07, “Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2018-07”). Compensation expense is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and recognized as an expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the grant. For modification of share-based payment awards, we record the incremental fair value of the modified award as share-based compensation on the date of modification for vested awards or over the remaining vesting period for unvested awards. The incremental compensation is the excess of the fair value of the modified award on the date of modification over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The sum of the incremental compensation cost and the remaining unrecognized compensation cost for the original award on the modification date is recognized over the requisite service period.

We estimate the expected term of our stock options granted to employees using the simplified method, whereby the expected term equals the average of the vesting term and the original contractual term of the option. We utilize this method as we do not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term. For stock options granted to non-employees, we utilize the contractual term of the option as the basis for the expected term assumption. All other assumptions used to calculate the grant date fair value are generally consistent with the assumptions used for options granted to employees. For purposes of calculating share-based compensation, we estimate the fair value of stock options using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The determination of the fair value of share-based payment awards utilizing the Black-Scholes model is affected by our stock price and a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The expected volatility is primarily based on the historical volatility of peer company data while the expected life of the stock options is based on historical and other economic data trended into the future. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding to the expected option term. The dividend yield assumption is based on our history and expectation of no dividend payouts.

If factors change and we employ different assumptions, share-based compensation expense may differ significantly from what has been recorded in the past. If there is a difference between the assumptions used in determining share-based compensation expense and the actual factors which become known over time, specifically with respect to anticipated forfeitures, we may change the input factors used in determining share-based compensation costs for future grants. These changes, if any, may materially impact our results of

 

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operations in the period such changes are made. Incremental compensation costs arising from subsequent modifications of awards after the grant date are recognized when incurred. In addition, we account for forfeitures of awards as they occur. For share-based awards that vest based on performance conditions, expense is recognized when it is probable that the conditions will be met.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

A discussion of recent accounting pronouncements is included in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements in this prospectus.

 

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BUSINESS

Our Business

We are a technology-driven healthcare payer, which uses A.I. and data analytics to help our Clients lower their cost of healthcare by enabling better health outcomes for their employees and families. Our mission is to positively change healthcare for the benefit of (i) our Clients who are self-insured employers that pay for their employees’ healthcare benefits and engage us to administer the latter’s healthcare claims, and we refer to them as our “Clients”, (ii) employees and their family members who receive these healthcare benefits from our Clients, and we refer to them as our “Members”, and (iii) healthcare providers including, doctors, doctor groups, hospitals, clinics, and any other entities providing healthcare services or products, and we refer to them as the “Providers.” We are creating the healthcare payer of the future for self-insured employers in the U.S., what we refer to as the “Payer of the Future.” We provide administrative services, and act as TPA to self-insured employers who provide healthcare benefits to their employees. Most of our Clients are small and medium-sized companies as well as local government entities. Currently, we have over 180 Clients. We provide services to a total of over 40,000 of our Clients’ employees, and including their spouses and dependents, we serve a total of over 70,000 Members in 44 states in addition to the District of Columbia. As of December 31, 2022, no single Client represents more than 6.2% of our annual revenue.

Industry Trends in the Healthcare Payer

Today, we see some megatrends that enable our market setup.

 

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Rising Healthcare Costs leads to an increase of self-insured companies. Healthcare expenditures have grown in the U.S. from 5% of GDP in 1960 to 18.3% of GDP in 2021, according to Statistica, a consultancy. The cost of an employer-sponsored health plan covering a family rose from $15,745 in 2012 to $22,463 in 2022, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation’s 2022 Employer Health Benefits Survey. Moreover, during the same period the employee contribution to these costs rose from $4,316 in 2012 to $6,106 per family in 2022 according to the same survey.

 

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Advancements in A.I. and Medical Foundation Models lead to higher prediction accuracy with lower training data needs. There are more than 80 clinical foundation models built from healthcare data such as insurance claims. This publicly available research allows new applications in healthcare and supercharges engineering focused healthcare companies. Applications such as extracting drug names, responding to patient questions via bots, and predicting high cost bloomers (or, Members whose cost may be similar to the average of the plan now, but in the future, they may cost several times the average), forecasting risk of an individual patient, summarizing medical dialogues, and becoming more accessible.

 

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VBC is an increasingly popular reimbursement model. VBC ties provider reimbursements to the quality of care delivered and thus often results in reduced costs and improved care over time. CMS aims for all of Medicare and almost all of Medicaid to be in value-based arrangements by 2030. We see a strong interest in the commercial sector. One study suggests that value-based care models are expected to increase from 40-45 million in 2022 to 70-80 million in 2027. We assume that the number of patients treated by physicians within the value-based care landscape could roughly double in the next five years, growing approximately 15% per annum.

Supporting the rising demand in value based care contracts we see a rise of technology enabled integrated care providers offering risk-based care contracts. In 2021, more than $29.1 billion of venture funding was invested in value-based health companies and digital health startups, up from $14.9 billion in 2020, and there are now over 1,900 venture-backed VBC and digital health companies.

We, believe that we are uniquely positioned to connect the growing need of the market for VBC contracts with the growing number of providers. Our A.I. platform was designed to identify opportunities and connect members in need with the best possible VBC contract.

 

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Key drivers of healthcare cost increases are chronic diseases and various forms of waste.

 

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Chronic diseases — According to the CDC, chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and pulmonary conditions, account for 75% of the U.S. aggregate spending on healthcare each year. Our Clients’ data also suggest that the cost of care for a Member with a chronic condition, such as diabetes, hypertension, COPD and kidney diseases, is two to four times as much as the average cost of care for one without any chronic conditions. As many chronic diseases can be prevented and managed given early detection, it is vital that a patient who is on a path to develop these chronic diseases be identified and be given preventive care treatments as early as possible.

 

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Waste — A survey of 54 peer-reviewed studies found that up to 30% of medical spending is wasted, according to “Waste in the US Health Care System — Estimated Costs and Potential for Savings,” published in JAMA in October 2019. Among the waste identified, they include:

 

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waste related to care coordination (organizing a patient’s care to achieve safe and effective care) — $27 billion to $78 billion annually;

 

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waste related to failure of care delivery (timely and effective care) — $102 billion to $166 billion annually; and

 

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waste related to failure to obtain the best pricing — $231 billion to $240 billion annually.

In our own Clients’ data, we see wide price variations for the same medical/healthcare procedure in the same city of between four and seven times the median cost. According to a study by UnitedHealth in published in May 2019, one of the largest payers in the U.S., reducing the cost variations of common tests could result in an annual saving of $18 billion.

Market Opportunities

The average annual healthcare expenditure is approximately $12,914 per person, according to the CMS as of 2021. 65% of American workers are covered by employer healthcare plans that are self-funded, according to Statistica. Given the number of American workers this implies total spending of $1.4 trillion on healthcare via employer-sponsored self-funded health plans.

Based on our analysis of actual per employee per month (“PEPM”) expenses received by us and the estimated employee lives in self-funded employer health plans of 108 million, according to Statistica, we estimate our total addressable market (“TAM”) to be up to $63 billion. The drivers of the expansion of our TAM are recently acquired products from our acquisition of Maestro Health. These complement the traditional administrative fees, which most TPA’s charge, and enhance our revenue per employee.

Our Recent Acquisition of Maestro Health

On November 1, 2022, we announced the acquisition of Maestro Health. Maestro Health has a very similar business to ours with the core being a traditional TPA of healthcare claims for self-funded employers. Maestro Health services over 60 clients who are employers that employ over 20,000 employees. On average, Maestro Health’s clients are similar to our legacy clients in size, and the vast majority of clients were sold via a healthcare broker.

The acquisition brought us several product lines that we previously had in-house.

 

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Clinical care management – this group is largely comprised of registered nurses, who work with Members on their health journey. These nurses work with Members on pre-authorizations for costly procedures, and they also outreach to members after a health event, like a hospitalization, to make sure their care is optimized. With the complexities in our healthcare system, members often need a guide, and our team ensures that they have this and that they can access the care they need. We charge our Clients for these activities as claims.

 

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Out of network claims processing – a portion of the claims we process for our Clients do not have a network, such as Aetna or Cigna. While in-network providers are typically pricing their services based on prices that have been previously negotiated with the network, out of network services are typically unilaterally set by the provider and are usually substantially higher than the prices of similar services that are provided within a network. Some employers engage third parties to negotiate the reduction of these out of network charges so that they ultimately pay what they believe are fair and reasonable prices for these out of network services. There are vendors that just do this function within the healthcare payer market. Maestro Health developed its own software tool and process to execute this function on its own. We charge our Clients for these claims on a shared savings model. For example, if a claim is received for $1,000 and we settle it for $200, then a percent of the $800 savings is charged as a fee.

 

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Pharmacy cost containment – with approximately one-fourth of all healthcare spending being on prescription drugs, our Clients often have large opportunities for savings in this area. Maestro created products that identify opportunities to save via alternative sourcing of high-cost drugs, access to manufacturers’ discounts, and access to alternative funding sources. Similar to our out of network claims processing services, these products are charged to our customers on a shared savings model.

The additional value added services described above have led Maestro Health to have a higher revenue per member than we have had in the past as we did not have any in-house value added services. Our goal is to market these Maestro Health products to our legacy customer base as well as to new Clients that we will add in the future.

Our Flagship Program – Marpai Cares

In 2022, we launched Marpai Cares, which encapsulates our approach: to maximize the value of the self-funded health plan by creating the healthiest member population, given a Client’s budget. We do this for our Clients for a competitive administration fee. Our Clients get much more than the processing of claims for our management fee. They get a healthier employee population.

 

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The key attributes of Marpai Cares include our use of A.I. and other advanced analytics to do the following for the benefit of our Members’ health:

 

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Knowing Member Needs: We continually analyze member data (including historical claims, app data, portal data, social determinants) to monitor member health needs and identify action opportunities.

 

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Targeting Interventions: We use machine learning and predictive models to identify at-risk Members where an intervention can make a meaningful difference; and proactively connect Members to proven clinical solutions to support positive outcomes.

 

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Finding High-Value Providers: We guide Members to make high-value provider choices: fair-priced, in-network providers ranked high in quality, safety and satisfaction based on Healthcare Bluebook data.

 

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Filling Gaps in Care: We proactively drive Members to make annual checkups, vaccinations, and screenings when it’s time, so they stay on track.

 

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For Clients, who have opted into our Pharmacy and Clinical Care Management Program, we also add the following:

 

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Pharmacy Savings: We provide Members with deep medication discounts, find alternate funding sources and experience reduced/eliminated copays.

 

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Clinical Care Management: We provide guidance to our Members across the care continuum, so they access the right care in the right setting with affordable rates.

Marpai Cares + Clinical Care Management – Delivering Value for Clients and Members

Matching Members with high-quality providers is a key component of our services. Since we acquired our first healthcare payer, Continental Benefits, in 2021 we expanded their program called TopCare and have recently

 

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integrated it into our standard offering program, which continues to find quality providers for Members. We have retired the Continental Benefits TopCare brand and folded the service, guiding members to high-quality providers, into our standard offering, which is available for all members of the health plans we manage. In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year 2021, we mentioned that we were providing clinical care management services to our Members via a third party, and that at some point we may bring those services in-house. With the acquisition of Maestro Health, we now have a full Clinical Care Management division in-house. This is completely complementary to our approach, and now our own clinical staff can work with legacy and newly-acquired Members.

We continue to identify at-risk members and match them to the right care. We believe the Members with the highest risk are well-known and identified. These are Members who have had or are currently fighting serious conditions. Often these Members, although a small portion of the overall population (e.g. often less than 5% of total Members), can represent a large portion of the total spend for an employer health plan. We address the needs of these Members via active Clinical Care Management, where nurses are making outreaches to them and making sure they have the care they need.

We believe there is an opportunity to deliver better health outcomes for the population as a whole, while containing costs for our clients by also focusing on the next rung of Members at risk. These Members represent “cost bloomers” in that they have similar costs to the average of the plan now, but in the future, they may cost several times the average. This rung of Members often represents a fifth or so of the population. They have complex chronic conditions, multiple comorbidities, and sometimes ignored or misdiagnosed symptoms. These also represent the highest cost Members of the future.

We have deployed our technology to identify these cost bloomers as early as possible. Identification is a critical piece, but we believe engagement with a compelling intervention is what actually drives better outcomes for the Member and lower costs for the Client.

Marpai Connect

On June 1, 2023, we launched Marpai Connect, an A.I. and data-driven matchmaking platform to pair health plan members with value-based providers. Marpai Connect offers self-insured employers a way to reduce risk and cost associated with their healthcare spending. Marpai Connect will be a core part of our offerings within health plans that we manage for self-insured employers. Marpai Connect includes analytics to measure the impact of the value-based solutions over time versus the current trend. We also intend to offer Marpai Connect to other healthcare payers starting in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Our Products and Services

We derive our revenues from three general sources: Health Plan Administration Services, ancillary in-house services and third party vendor services.

Health Plan Administration

Our current core product and service offering includes handling all aspects of administration related to a healthcare plan. We typically design for our Client a healthcare benefit plan which outlines exactly what coverage the Client would like to provide to its employees. We then manage the plan for the Client by providing the following services:

 

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Providing Members access to a provider network via relationships with Aetna, Cigna, and regional networks;

 

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Answering Members’ calls and requests related to their health plan via phone, email and via our App;

 

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Concierge type services to help Members find providers and care management as well as to answer questions, such as on claims and benefits;

 

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Validating and adjudicating claims from Clients’ employees, including automated adjudication;

 

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Concierge type services to help Members find providers and care management as well as to answer questions, such as on claims and benefits;

 

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Validating and adjudicating claims from Clients’ employees, including automated adjudication;

 

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Promoting health and use of high-quality providers to the member population across Clients;

 

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Paying claims on behalf of our Clients; and

 

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Sourcing stop-loss insurance via one or several providers.

We do not bear the financial risk with respect to the cost of the claims for any employer. Instead, the self-insured employers and stop-loss insurance companies, if the self-insured employers purchase stop-loss insurance policies to protect themselves from having higher than planned healthcare costs, bear the risk arising from the cost of claims. We sell complementary services to our Clients including care management, case management, actuarial services, health savings account administration and bill review services. Our margin on these partner products varies greatly, but each service makes the overall package for our Clients more complete.

In-House Ancillary Services

Our Ancillary Services revenues include all the revenues that we derive from our inhouse products excluding the administration fees. This revenue is related to products that relate to our role as the administrator of the health plan, but are ancillary to paying claims.

Clinical Care Management – a nurse-led, proactive guide for at-risk members across the care continuum so they get the right high-quality care at the right time and avoid excessive, inappropriate, and overpriced care. Instead of simply treating a condition, they take a personal, holistic approach, to help plan members every step of the way. The return on investment on acute case management can be approximately 3x, while it can be 9x for utilization management (pre-authorizations).

Repricing Insights – out-of-network claims are a reality for any health plan. This product encompasses all the negotiation and adjudication related to out of network claims. Clients often save up to 60% on their out-of-network claims versus the initial billed amount.

Marpai PACCS – Pharmacy Advocacy Cost Containment Solution is our member-driven pharmacy savings program that focuses on specialty and high-cost medications designed to generate up to a 75% savings.

MarpaiRx – our new, national pharmacy benefit management program that saves Clients and Members money and delivers a high-touch Member experience. We grant access to prescriptions at affordable rates and coordinate pharmacy and medical benefits to ensure that the right care is delivered and paid for in a way that reduces the overall cost of healthcare. We are transparent, which means we disclose all rebate information to our clients.

Third Party Services

Some of our revenues were derived from services that were provided to our Clients and Members by third party vendors. We typically pass through most of these revenues to these vendors and their contribution to our gross profit is relatively small. These services include network access fees that are charged by the provider networks (such as Aetna or Cigna) which are used by our Members when they visit network providers (doctors, hospitals etc.) as well as some cost containment services, and other services provided by third party vendors (i.e. not by us).

Our Strategy

Most of our clients are small to medium size businesses that rely on their brokers to select their third party administrators, or their fully insured health plan, usually in a competitive bid process.

 

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We therefore distribute our services primarily via healthcare brokers. In 2021 and 2022, we made significant investments in building our sales and marketing channels. We believe that we have created relationships with some of the largest brokers in America.

Our direct sales force focuses mostly on these brokers, and our goal is to participate in as many competitive bids as possible as we believe that this is the best way for us to grow our Client base.

Given the recent acquisition of Maestro Health with its ancillary in-house services, we are also focused on upselling these ancillary services to our legacy customers.

Research and Development – The Future is Value Based Care

We invest resources in research and development. This investment includes hiring and retaining A.I. scientists, product managers, and engineers. In the past, we invested in creating A.I. models that predict costly events in healthcare. In early 2022, we hired Lutz Finger, who was a population health executive at Google.

VBC generally means that some or all of the providers’ fees are at risk if certain health outcome improvements do not occur as promised by the provider of the value based care service. In creating a value based ecosystem, we are leveraging the billions of dollars of investment that have taken place over the last years to create remarkable solutions that improve health outcomes.

For example, we have announced a partnership with Virta Health, a company that has one of the longest running trials related to Type 2 Diabetes. Virta Health claims that 94% of Members on the program can end or reduce insulin usage after one year, and 60% of Members can be off all diabetes-specific drugs and living diabetes-free after one year. Virta Health has agreed to work with us in a value based arrangement, which means part of their fees are at risk and dependent on the program working for our Members.

Our role in this value based ecosystem is as an aggregator of lives. Our spending on technology is related to the evolution of our platform, A.I. models and analytics, so we can do the following:

 

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Identify Members who are at risk for a disease or may be at risk in the near future, the “cost bloomers”.

 

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Create engagement tools and techniques that allow us to be the “matchmaker” between a specific Member and the right vendor within our ecosystem. These involve App enhancements, but also models in support of other interventions like texts, emails and phone calls.

 

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Test what works through AB testing and other techniques in order to efficiently and effectively get the most Members to the right care.

We believe this is the natural evolution of our technology and our unique approach. We will continue to add best-in-class vendors to the ecosystem so long as they are medically vetted and reviewed, have a remarkable Member experience, and have the financial backing to be value based (i.e. put their fees at risk and base them on health outcomes achieved).

We expect that the value based ecosystem will become commercial during 2023. It will expand substantially during the years to come. The fees to our Clients from the vendors are charged as claims to the health plan, and these are all processed by Marpai. We generate revenue through a participation in these fees from the vendor.

Marpai Captive, Inc.

Marpai Captive, Inc. was founded in March 2022 as a Delaware corporation and commenced operations with a small membership in the first quarter of 2023.

 

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Marpai Health, Inc.

Marpai Health, Inc. (originally named “CITTA, Inc.”) was founded in February 2019 as a Delaware corporation. Together with its wholly owned subsidiary, EYME, founded in March 2019 in Israel, Marpai Health engages in developing and marketing A.I. and healthcare technology to analyze data with the goal of predicting and preventing costly healthcare events related to chronic conditions and expensive medical and surgical procedures.

In August 2019, Marpai Health entered into an asset purchase agreement to acquire a software system and big data analytics platform for research, analysis and prediction of security related events using A.I. for law enforcement agencies (the “Purchased Assets”). In August 2019, in connection with an asset acquisition, Marpai Health issued the SQN Convertible Note. The purchase price of the Purchased Assets was $3,250,000, consisting of $70,000 in cash, 31,250 shares of Marpai Health’s common stock, and the SQN Convertible Note in the aggregate principal amount of $2,930,000.

EYME serves as Marpai Health’s research and development center with eight employees in Israel. From its inception through April 1, 2021, the date of the acquisition of Marpai Administrators LLC, (formerly Continental Benefits, LLC), Marpai Health reported no revenues.

Marpai Administrators, LLC (formerly Continental Benefits LLC)

Marpai Administrators was founded in Florida as a limited liability company in November 2013. Marpai Administrators was a wholly owned subsidiary of WellEnterprises USA, LLC which was founded in 2012. Marpai Administrators provides benefits outsourcing services to clients in the U.S. across multiple industries. Marpai Administrators’ backroom administration and TPA services are supported by a customized technology platform and a dedicated benefit call center. Under its TPA platform, Marpai Administrators provides health and welfare administration, dependent eligibility verification, COBRA administration, and benefit billing.

In September 2019, Marpai Health began to approach TPAs in an effort to commercialize its technology. Sharing the vision of bringing to market a healthcare “payer of the future” by using advanced A.I. technology in the TPA business, Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators started to have discussions about information exchange, and joint development in December 2019 and Marpai Administrators has been serving as Marpai Health’s A.I. products design partner ever since. In August 2020, Marpai Health started to explore long-term strategic opportunities with Marpai Administrators. In September 2020, the parties entered a letter of intent pursuant to which Marpai Health would acquire Marpai Administrators.

The healthcare industry is highly regulated, and the criteria are often vague, and subject to change and interpretation by various federal and state legislatures, courts, enforcement, and regulatory authorities. Only a treating physician can determine the condition and appropriate treatment for any individual patient. Our future prospects are subject to the legal, regulatory, commercial, and scientific risks.

Marpai, Inc.’s Acquisition of Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators (formerly Continental Benefits)

On April 1, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Equity Interest Purchase and Reorganization Agreement (the “Purchase and Reorganization Agreement”), by and among Marpai, Inc., Marpai Health, all stockholders of Marpai Health, holders of convertible notes of Marpai Health, Marpai Administrators, WellEnterprises USA, LLC and HillCour for the purpose of joinder, to effectuate Marpai, Inc.’s acquisition of Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators, the stockholders of Marpai Health and the sole member of Marpai Administrators contributed their respective securities and ownership interests in Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators to Marpai, Inc. for a combination of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock of Marpai, Inc. (the “Acquisition”). Options to purchase 256,901 shares of Marpai Health common stock and warrants to purchase 341,687 shares of Marpai Health common stock were exchanged, on a one-to-one basis, for options and warrants to purchase shares of our Class A common stock. In addition, pursuant to a Note Exchange Agreement, we issued the New Notes in exchange for certain then outstanding convertible promissory notes of

 

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Marpai Health of equivalent amount of outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest. The SQN Convertible Note remained outstanding at the time of the acquisition. The SQN Convertible Note was mostly converted to equity at the Company’s IPO and remaining balance was repaid. HillCour and WellEnterprises, LLC agreed to perform certain transition services for us pursuant to a Transition Services Agreement, which services are no longer being provided.

The Acquisition was treated as an integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes and qualified as a tax-free reorganization pursuant to section 351 or 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

The Purchase and Reorganization Agreement required that Marpai Administrators to not have less than $4.762 million of cash on hand, and to have no debt at the time of closing of the Acquisition.

Pursuant to the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, Marpai Administrators was valued solely for purposes of the Acquisition, on a cash-free and debt-free basis, at $8.5 million. Including the $4.762 million of cash on Marpai Administrators’ balance sheet, equity totaled $13.26 million. In addition, pursuant to Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, Marpai Health was valued solely for purposes of the Acquisition at an assumed pre-money valuation of the last convertible note’s conversion price of $35 million.

As a result of the Acquisition:

 

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We have acquired all of the then outstanding membership interests of Marpai Administrators in exchange for 899,892 shares of our Class A common stock and 31,783 shares of our Class B common stock and, subject to certain adjustments as more fully described in the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, based upon a valuation as a separate concern of $8.5 million on a cash free and debt free basis;

 

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We have acquired all of the then outstanding capital stock Marpai Health in exchange for an aggregate of 830,191 shares of our Class A common stock and 1,024,960 shares of our Class B common stock, based upon the valuation of Marpai Health as a separate concern of $35 million;

 

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We have satisfied and retired Marpai Health’s then remaining and outstanding convertible promissory notes, with aggregate outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest of $2,198,459, in exchange for the New Notes of equivalent aggregate principal amount;

 

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The SQN Convertible Note remained outstanding at the time of the Acquisition. The majority of the note balance was converted to equity at the Company’s IPO, with the remaining balance being repaid;

 

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All options granted by Marpai Health have been assumed by us and exchanged into options to purchase our Class A common stock. The exchange of certain options issued by Marpai Health to employees of EYME Technologies Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Marpai Health, is subject to the issuance of a tax ruling by the Israeli Tax Authority;

 

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All awards of phantom units granted under Continental Benefits, LLC Long-Term Incentive Plan were discharged; and

 

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All outstanding warrants granted by Marpai Health automatically converted into warrants to purchase our Class A common stock at the same exercise price as they were initially granted by Marpai Health.

Marpai Inc.’s acquisition of Maestro Health, LLC

On August 4, 2022, we entered into the Agreement with the Sellers to consummate the Maestro Acquisition. The Equity Sellers owned an aggregate of 100% of the issued and outstanding Units of Maestro Health. The Maestro Acquisition was closed on November 1, 2022.

Maestro Health is a TPA for employee health and benefits, which offers an end-to-end health plan solution, integrating care management and cost containment for its customers. The Agreement contains representations and warranties customary for transactions of this nature negotiated between sophisticated purchasers and sellers

 

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acting at arm’s length, certain of which are qualified as to materiality and knowledge and subject to reasonable exceptions. The closing of the Maestro Acquisition was subject to certain customary closing conditions as contained in the Agreement, including: (i) that the Equity Sellers shall have sold, assigned, transferred, conveyed and delivered to the Company all of the Equity Sellers’ rights, title, and interests in and to all of the Units; and (ii) the Debt Seller shall have irrevocably transferred and assigned to us all of the Debt Seller’s rights and obligations with respect to receiving payments under that certain Term Loan Agreement, dated May 11, 2022, by and between the Debt Seller and Maestro Health, in the principal amount of $59,900,000.

In consideration for our acquisition of the Units, we agreed to pay the Sellers an the Purchase Price of $19,900,000 determined on the closing date, which shall be payable on or before the Payment Date, and shall accrue interest until such time that is paid, such that on the Payment Date the Purchase Price, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, shall equal $22,100,000 (for clarity, the Base Purchase Price shall be adjusted, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement. We agreed to pay the Equity Sellers an amount of $100 with the balance of the Purchase Price to be paid to the Debt Seller for the repayment of the AXA Note. In no event will we be responsible for any further payments for the repayment of the AXA Note other than the repayment of the Purchase Price as provided in the Agreement. Following the Payment Date, any unpaid portion of the Purchase Price shall accrue interest at the Specified Rate, and shall be repaid as promptly as practicable to the Debt Seller. In addition, in the event we or one of our subsidiaries receive proceeds from an Offering, then we shall pay to the Debt Seller an amount equal to thirty-five percent (35%) of the net proceeds of the Offering no later than sixty (60) days after the closing of Offering until such time as the Purchase Price has been paid in full.

In connection with net proceeds received from a public offering of common stock of approximately $6.5 million which closed in April 2023, we were obligated to pay AXA $2,294,751 prior to June 19, 2023. AXA has agreed to extend and apportion the payment schedule so that we will be required to pay AXA (i) $1,147,376 on or prior to July 31, 2023 and (ii) $1,147,375 on or prior to September 30, 2023. On July 19, 2023, we made the first payment to AXA in the amount of $1,147,636.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will be required to make accumulated annual payments to the Debt Seller, representing the Purchase Price, as follows: (i) $5,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2024, (ii) $11,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2025, and (iii) $19,000,000 to be paid by December 31, 2026.

In addition, we are obligated to pay the full amount of any remaining unpaid Purchase Price (inclusive of any accrued interest at the Specified Rate) by no later than year-end 2027, and in no event shall we be required to pay total cash consideration equal to more than the aggregate amount of the Purchase Price (as adjusted pursuant to the terms of the Agreement).

Maestro Health LLC

Maestro Health is a TPA for employee health and benefits, which offers an end-to-end health plan solution, integrating care management and cost containment for its customers.

Maestro Health is a Delaware domiciled limited liability company. It was formerly known as Maestro Health Inc., a Delaware domiciled corporation, which was organized on May 2, 2013. Maestro Health, Inc. converted to Maestro Health, LLC effective as of December 17, 2020. Maestro Health’s services help employers control all aspects of the complex employee health and benefits system. Maestro Health owns and operates self-funded insurance administration, benefits administration, enrollment, ACA compliance, consumer directed health care account administration, medical management, and consolidated billing solution applications, unifying them on a single, comprehensive mobile and web platform. In 2021, it added an Out of Network Repricing Solution and an Rx Patient Assistance Program to its service offerings.

Maestro Health’s wholly owned subsidiaries are Integra Employer Health, LLC, Context Benefit Advisors, LLC (formerly Colton Groome Benefit Advisors, LLC), Workable Solutions, LLC, and Group Associates, Inc.

 

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Government Regulation

Overview

We believe that our business and operations as outlined above are in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Only a treating physician can determine if a prediction made by our member guidance program is correct or appropriate for any individual patient. However, Marpai does not currently share its predictions with patients or their providers. Our future prospects are subject to the legal, regulatory, commercial, and scientific risks outlined below and under the section titled, “Risk Factors.”

The healthcare industry is highly regulated and continues to undergo significant changes as third-party payers, such as Medicare and Medicaid, traditional indemnity insurers, managed care organizations and other private payers, increase efforts to control cost, utilization, and delivery of healthcare services. Healthcare companies are subject to extensive and complex federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and judicial decisions.

Additionally, a significant component of Marpai’s services requires the collection and processing of personal information, including protected health information. We collect and may use personal information to help run our business and enable us to provide our services. In some instances, we may use third party service providers to assist us in the above.

Health Care Reform

The ACA was enacted into law in 2010. The provisions of the ACA are comprehensive and varied and are generally directed at implementing health insurance reforms, such as Medicare, Medicaid and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program, to increase health insurance coverage and reduce the number of uninsured and reshaping the health care delivery system to increase quality and efficiency and reduce cost. Certain provisions of the ACA took effect immediately or within a few months, while others will be phased in over time, ranging from one year to ten years. Because of the complexity of health care reform generally, additional legislation is likely to be considered and enacted over time. The ACA, and any subsequent health care reform legislation, will require the promulgation of substantial regulations with significant effect on the health care industry. Thus, the health care industry may be subjected to significant new statutory and regulatory requirements, and consequently to structural and operational changes and challenges, for a substantial period. In addition, there have been judicial and congressional challenges to various elements of the ACA, as well as efforts to modify certain aspects of the ACA.

The implementation of the ACA has changed healthcare financing and delivery by both governmental and private insurers substantially, and affected medical device manufacturers significantly. The ACA, among other things, implemented payment system reforms including a national pilot program on payment bundling to encourage hospitals, physicians and other providers to improve the coordination, quality and efficiency of certain healthcare services through bundled payment models.

Reimbursement

Neither we nor our self-insured clients receive reimbursements from federal health care programs such as Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP, TRICARE and the Veterans Administration. If in the future, we receive reimbursements from these programs, which are subject to complex statutory and regulatory requirements, administrative rulings, interpretations of policy, determinations by fiscal intermediaries and government funding restrictions, all of which would materially increase or decrease reimbursement to our Company.

The process for determining whether a payor will provide coverage for a product is typically separate from the process for setting the reimbursement rate that the payor will pay for the product. A payor’s decision to provide coverage for a product does not imply that an adequate reimbursement rate will be available. Additionally, in the United States there is no uniform policy among payors for coverage or reimbursement. Third-party payors often

 

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rely upon Medicare coverage policy and payment limitations in setting their own coverage and reimbursement policies, but also have their own methods and approval processes. Therefore, coverage and reimbursement for products can differ significantly from payor to payor. If coverage and adequate reimbursement are not available, or are available only at limited levels, successful commercialization of, and obtaining a satisfactory financial return on, any product we develop may not be possible.

In the United States, there have been, and continue to be proposed and enacted legislation at the federal and state levels designed to, among other things, bring more transparency to drug pricing, review the relationship between pricing and manufacturer patient programs, reduce the cost of drugs under Medicare, and reform government program reimbursement methodologies for drugs. For example, in July 2021, the Biden administration released an executive order, “Promoting Competition in the American Economy,” with multiple provisions aimed at prescription drugs. In response to Biden’s executive order, on September 9, 2021, the HHS released a Comprehensive Plan for Addressing High Drug Prices that outlines principles for drug pricing reform and sets out a variety of potential legislative policies that Congress could pursue as well as potential administrative actions HHS can take to advance these principles. In addition, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) passed on August 16, 2022. The IRA, among other things, (1) directs HHS to negotiate the price of certain highly-utilized single-source drugs and biologics covered under Medicare and (2) imposes rebates under Medicare Part B and Medicare Part D to penalize price increases that outpace inflation. These provisions will take effect progressively starting in fiscal year 2023, although they may be subject to legal challenges. It is currently unclear how the IRA will be implemented but is likely to have a significant impact on the pharmaceutical industry. Further, the Biden administration released an additional executive order on October 14, 2022, directing HHS to submit a report within 90 days on how the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation can be further leveraged to test new models for lowering drug costs for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. We expect that additional U.S. federal healthcare reform measures will be adopted in the future, any of which could limit the amounts that the U.S. federal government will pay for healthcare products and services, which could result in reduced demand for our product candidates or additional pricing pressures.

Fraud and Abuse

Health care fraud and abuse laws have been enacted at the federal and state levels to regulate both the provision of services to government program beneficiaries and the methods and requirements for submitting claims for services rendered to such beneficiaries. In addition, certain fraud and abuse laws may extend to payer sources other than federal or state-funded programs. Under these laws, individuals and organizations can be penalized for various activities, including submitting claims for services that are not provided, are billed in a manner other than as actually provided, are not medically necessary, are provided by an improper person, are accompanied by an illegal inducement to utilize or refrain from utilizing a service or product, or are billed in a manner that does not comply with applicable government requirements. Both individuals and organizations are subject to prosecution under the criminal and civil fraud and abuse statutes relating to health care providers.

The federal anti-kickback law (the “Anti-Kickback Law”) prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully offering or receiving remuneration to induce the referral of items or services that are reimbursable by a federal health care program, or (ii) the purchase, lease, or order of, or the arrangement or recommendation of the purchasing, leasing, or ordering of any item or service reimbursable in whole or in part under Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs. The Office of Inspector General has issued a series of regulations, known as the “safe harbors” which immunizes the parties to the business arrangement from prosecution under the Anti-Kickback Law. The failure of a business arrangement to fit within a safe harbor does not necessarily mean that the arrangement is illegal. Many states have adopted laws like the Anti- Kickback Law, and some apply to items and services reimbursable by any payer, including private insurers.

Noncompliance with the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute can result in civil, administrative and/or criminal penalties, restrictions on the ability to operate in certain jurisdictions, and exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs. In addition, non-compliance can result in the need to

 

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curtail and/or restructure operations. Any penalties, damages, fines, exclusions, curtailment or restructuring of operations could adversely affect the ability to operate a business, financial condition, and results of operations. A violation of the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute can serve as a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the civil False Claims Act and the civil monetary penalties statute.

The so-called Stark Law prohibits physician referrals of Medicare patients to an entity providing certain “designated health services” if the physician or an immediate family member of the physician has any financial relationship with the entity and the financial relationship does not fall within one of the enumerated exceptions to the Stark Law. The Stark Law also prohibits state receipt of federal Medicaid matching funds for services furnished pursuant to a prohibited referral. In addition to the Stark Law, many states have their own self- referral bans, which may extend to all self-referrals, regardless of the payer.

The federal False Claims Act imposes liability for the submission (or causing the submission) of false or fraudulent claims for payment to the federal government, including for certain violations of the Stark Law. The knowing and improper failure to return an overpayment can serve as the basis for a False Claims Act action and Medicare and Medicaid overpayments must be reported and returned within 60 days of identification. Furthermore, violation of the Stark Law also resulted in denial of payment for the underlying testing services. The private parties (known as “qui tam relators”) of the False Claims Act allow a private individual to bring an action on behalf of the federal government and to share in any amounts paid by the defendant to the government in connection with the action. Various states have enacted similar laws modeled after the False Claims Act that apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state health care programs, and, in several states, such laws apply to claims submitted to all payers.

The federal Healthcare Fraud Statute prohibits the knowing and willful execution of a scheme to defraud any health care benefit program, including a private insurer. It also prohibits falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items, or services. In addition, state analogs often prohibit similar conduct.

The federal False Claims Act also provides that private parties may bring an action on behalf of (and in the name of) the United States to prosecute a federal False Claims Act violation. These qui tam relators may share in a percentage of the proceeds that result from a federal False Claims Act action or settlement. A person or entity found to have violated the federal False Claims Act may be held liable for a per claim civil penalty. For penalties assessed after June 19, 2020, whose associated violations occurred after November 2, 2015, the penalties range from $11,665 to $23,331 for each false claim, plus three times the amount of damages sustained by the government. The minimum and maximum per claim penalty amounts are subject to annual increases for inflation.

Many states have also adopted some form of anti-kickback and anti-referral laws and false claims acts and civil monetary penalties and other fraud and abuse provisions that apply regardless of payer, in addition to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs. A determination of liability under such laws could result in fines, penalties, and exclusion, as well as restrictions on the ability to operate in these jurisdictions.

State and Federal Privacy and Data Security Laws

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and its implementing regulations (HIPAA) and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009 and its implementing regulations (HITECH) govern the collection, use, disclosure, maintenance and transmission of identifiable patient information (“Protected Health Information” or “PHI”). HIPAA and HITECH apply to covered entities, which may include health plans as well as to those entities that contract with covered entities (“Business Associates”). HITECH imposes breach notification obligations that require the reporting of breaches of “Unsecured Protected Health Information” or PHI that has not been encrypted or destroyed in accordance with federal standards. Furthermore, the regulations established standard data content and format requirements for

 

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submitting electronic claims and other administrative health transactions. Health care providers and health plans are required to use standard formats when transmitting claims, referrals, authorizations, and certain other transactions electronically. Business Associates are subject to potentially significant civil and criminal penalties for violating HIPAA.

In addition to HIPAA, we are subject to other state and federal laws and regulations that address privacy, data protection and the collection, storing, sharing, use, transfer, disclosure and protection of certain types of data. Such regulations include the CAN-SPAM Act, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, Section 5(a) of the Federal Trade Commission Act, and the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), which, where applicable, provides consumers with additional privacy rights.

In addition, other federal and state laws afford additional protections to certain categories of sensitive information. Such protections are commonly afforded to substance abuse, mental health, or information concerning certain contagious diseases.

In addition to the federal privacy and security laws and regulations, most states have enacted data security laws, and breach notification laws, governing other types of personal data such as employee and customer information.

State Managed Care Laws

State insurance and managed cared laws and regulations regulate the contractual relationships with managed care organizations, utilization review programs and third-party administrator activities. These regulations differ from state to state, and may contain network, contracting, and financial and reporting requirements, as well as specific standards for delivery of services, payment of claims, and adequacy of health care professional networks. These laws may apply to us in the event we engage in business transactions with state managed care programs.

Corporate practice of medicine and fee-splitting and laws

Many states have laws prohibiting physicians from practicing medicine in partnership with non- physicians, such as business corporations. In addition, many states, including New York, prohibit certain licensed professional, like physicians, from sharing professional fees with non-licensees. As we do not engage in the practice of medicine, we do not contract with licensees to render professional medical services, and we do not split fees with any medical professionals, we do not believe these laws restrict our business. We merely monitor and analyze historical claims data, including our Members’ interactions with licensed healthcare professionals and recommend the most suitable healthcare providers and/or sources of treatment. We do not provide medical prognosis or healthcare. In accordance with various states’ corporate practice of medicine laws and states’ laws and regulations which define the practice of medicine, our call center staff are prohibited from providing Members with any evaluation of any medical condition, diagnosis, prescription, care and/or treatment. Rather, our call center staff can only provide Members with general and publicly available information that is non-specific to the Members’ medical conditions and statistical information about the prevalence of medical conditions within certain populations or under certain circumstances. Our call center staffs do not discuss Members’ individual medical conditions and are prohibited from asking Members for any additional protected health information (PHI) as such term is defined under HIPAA. Our call center staff has been trained and instructed to always inform Members that they are not licensed medical professionals, are not providing medical advice, and that Members should reach out to their medical provider for any medical advice.

However, any determination by a state court or regulatory agency that our service contracts with our clients violate these laws could subject us to civil or criminal penalties, invalidate all or portions of some of those contracts, require us to change or terminate some portions of our business, require us to refund portions of our services fees, and have an adverse effect on our business. Even an unsuccessful challenge by regulatory authorities of our activities could result in adverse publicity and could require a costly response from us. In the

 

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event that in the future we will share or allow access by Members to the contents of our alerts or related information, we will endeavor to do so only in full compliance with regulatory requirements, including, potentially, those regulations regarding the corporate practice of medicine, fee- splitting laws, and medical profession regulation.

State Laws Governing Licensure of Healthcare Professionals

State professional licensing boards contain requirements for the licensure of health care professionals and typically require a healthcare professional who is providing professional services in that state to be licensed. Some state licensing boards specifically address the licensure of professionals who are providing services via telephone or other electronic means. The requirements for licensure generally apply where individuals are engaged in a licensed activity. If we elect to hire a licensed professional to engage in a licensed profession, those individuals may be subject to state licensing laws. In addition, hiring licensed professionals may implicate state prohibitions on the corporate practice of medicine.

Finally, as a TPA, we must maintain active TPA licenses in all states that are not expressly exempt from requiring a TPA license where we conduct business. The State of Wisconsin did not renew our TPA license on August 1, 2023. We are actively pursuing alternatives to renewing our license in Wisconsin.

Employees

As of December 31, 2022, we have a total of 242 full-time employees, with seven of them located in Tel Aviv, Israel. None of them are parties to any labor agreements or are represented by a labor union.

Competition

Although we believe that the services we offer our Clients are highly differentiated, we operate in a highly competitive market. We only provide administrative services to self-insured employers who provide healthcare benefits to their employees. These self-insured employers can always elect to abandon self- insurance and simply buy medical insurance from one of the large players such as, Aetna, Cigna, or United Healthcare. There can be no assurances that our Clients or prospective Clients will remain self-insured for any given period. If the number of employers which choose to self-insure declines, the size of our targeted market will shrink.

Also, there are other technology-driven companies focused on creating a TPA business among self- insured employers. Like us, they provide machine learning predictions models targeted at measuring risks for Members, identifying members susceptible to adverse healthcare events before they occur, and provide proactive guidance for preventive care. We compete with almost 1,000 health insurance entities, all of whom are vying for the same business — the management of healthcare benefits for self-insured employers. There is only one TPA at a time for every employer wanting to provide health benefits via a self-insured model, and an employer may remain with the same TPA for many years. This means that although the market is very large, not all of it is accessible by us in any one year. In addition to the very large health insurance companies, there are new players in the market such as Collective Health, Bind Health Insurance, Bright Health Group (NYSE: BHG), Oscar Health, Inc. (NYSE: OSCR) and Centivo, which have all raised substantial venture capital funds, are pursuing a similar strategy to ours, and share our vision to use technology to transform the healthcare payer space. We believe that like us, Collective Health and Clover Health are also targeting at self-insured employers. Although all of them are relatively young companies, they have products in the market already and are known to provide technology- driven TPA services. These companies claim to save employers money and also claim to have high retention rates.

Some of the competitors named above perform care management functions as part of their offerings. Currently, we offer this function through our strategic partners. In the future, we may bring this function in- house. We believe our A.I.-enabled predictions further differentiate our solution by being able to steer Members to the appropriate healthcare Provider sooner. The ultimate gauge of success in our market will be who can help employers reduce the growth of long-term healthcare spending while also improving the quality of healthcare solutions.

 

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MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions of our executive officers and directors as of the date of this registration statement:

 

Name		Age		Position		Date First Elected or Appointed
Edmundo Gonzalez		50		Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Director		April 1, 2021
Yoram Bibring		65		Chief Financial Officer		September 1, 2021
Gonen Antebi		50		Chief Operating Officer		February 1, 2023
Yaron Eitan		67		Chairman of the Board of Directors		April 1, 2021
Damien Lamendola		67		Director		April 1, 2021
Sagiv Shiv		66		Director		February 1, 2023
Mohsen Moazami		62		Director		March 30, 2022
Vincent Kane		50		Director		October 28, 2021
Colleen DiClaudio		45		Director		October 28, 2021

Business Experience

The following is a brief account of the education and business experience of each director and executive officer during at least the past five years, indicating each person’s principal occupation during the period, and the name and principal business of the organization by which they were employed.

Edmundo Gonzalez, Chief Executive Officer, Secretary and Director

Mr. Gonzalez has served as our Chief Executive Officer, Secretary, and a member of our Board since inception. He also served as the co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Marpai Health since its inception in February 2019. He is the current owner of Grays West Ventures, LLC, a company through which he provided consultant services prior to his appointment as Chief Executive Officer, secretary and director as of April 1, 2021.

Mr. Gonzalez is a technology entrepreneur and investor in private and publicly traded companies with over 20 years of experience. From December 2013 to December 2018, Mr. Gonzalez served as a Partner of CNTP’s US VC Partners Management, LLC, a management company running CNTP’s series of investment funds, where he analyzed potential investments, structured deals, and monitored companies’ post-investment. From October 2015 to September 2020, Mr. Gonzalez served as a consultant to, and Co-founder and Chairman of the Board of FreightHub, Inc., a digital cross-border logistics company, which is now completing a transaction to become a publicly traded company. Mr. Gonzalez also currently serves as Manager of Grays West Ventures LLC, Manager of Grays West Ventures II LLC, Manager of Grays West Real Estate LLC, and Manager of Selway Capital LLC.

Previously, Mr. Gonzalez was the co-founder and member of the Board of 340Basics Technologies, a healthcare IT company that grew from zero to $40 million of revenue in 5 years. He received a B.A. from Harvard University and an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School.

We believe that Mr. Gonzalez is qualified to serve as a member of our Board based on his experience building successful companies and analyzing potential investments, and perspective he brings as the former Chief Executive Officer of Marpai Health.

Yoram Bibring, Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Bibring has served as our Chief Financial Officer since September 1, 2021. In recent years, Mr. Bibring has focused on working with healthcare and technology companies. Mr. Bibring served as Chief Financial Officer at

 

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Touchcast, Inc. from October 2020 to August 2021. From January 2020 to October 2020, Mr. Bibring served as Chief Financial Officer of MKM Ventures. He served as Chief Financial Officer of SundaySky, Inc. from July 2017 to March 2018. Mr. Bibring served as Chief Financial Officer at Earnix from November 2016 July 2017. Mr. Bibring is a finance and accounting veteran with over 20 years of experience. He received a B.S. from Tel Aviv University.

Gonen Antebi, Chief Operating Officer

Mr. Antebi has served as our Chief Operating Officer since February 1, 2023. He previously served on our Board from October 2021 to February 2023. From 2015 to 2023, Mr. Antebi served as the Chief Executive Officer of 340B Technologies d/b/a Nuvem. From 2015 to 2020 he served as the Chief Financial Officer of Nuvem. Mr. Antebi worked closely with independent accounting firms to issue quarterly and annual financial reports and controlled day-to-day risk management activities. He received a B.A. from The College of Management Academic Studies.

Yaron Eitan, Chairman of the Board

Mr. Eitan has served as Chairman of our Board since April 1, 2021. On July 14, 2023, Mr. Eitan became an employee of the Company. He served Chairman of the Board of Marpai Health since its inception in February 2019. Mr. Eitan has also served as a member of the Board of Nano Dimension, Ltd. (Nasdaq: NNDM) since April 2020, and he continues to serve in this role. He served as Executive Chairman of the Board of DeepCube Ltd. from February 2017 to March 2021. Mr. Eitan also continues to serve Emporus, Ltd. as a Chairman since February 2020, and Selway Capital LLC as Managing Partner since December 2008.

Yaron Eitan is a technology entrepreneur and investor of private and publicly traded companies with over 30 years of experience. He is the Chairman of deep learning company Emporus Technologies, Ltd. Previously, he was the Chairman of deep learning company DeepCube, Ltd. and co-founder and co-Chairman of 340Basics Technologies. He was a Partner at CNTP, a multi-stage investment fund, where he led all Israeli investments, and he has been a member of the Board of several technology companies. He received a B.S. from Haifa University and an M.B.A. from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

We believe that Mr. Eitan is qualified to serve as a member of our Board based on his significant technology and entrepreneurship expertise, the perspective he brings as the former Chairman of Marpai Health, and his deep learning background.

Damien Lamendola, Director

Mr. Lamendola joined our Board on April 1, 2021. Mr. Lamendola founded Marpai Administrators in 2013 and was previously the Chief Executive Officer until 2019. Mr. Lamendola has served as President of HillCour Holding Corporation (f/k/a Welldyne Holding Corp.) since March 2002, and he continues to serve in this role. Mr. Lamendola also continues to serve HillCour Holding Corporation as a Board Member since 2017, WellDyneRx, LLC as a Board Member since 2017, and HillCour Investment Fund, LLC as Manager since 2017.

As President of HillCour Holding Corporation, Mr. Lamendola leads and oversees all strategic operations of multiple operating companies in the health care space. He received a B.S. from McNeese State University and an M.B.A. from Washington University.

We believe that Mr. Lamendola is qualified to serve as a member of our Board based on his perspective and experience building and leading strategic corporate operations and his expertise in the health care industry.

Mohsen Moazami, Director

Mr. Moazami joined our Board in March 2022. Mr. Moazami has had a distinguished career in the technology industry spanning various roles from, founder/CEO leading his company to a strong exit (Accenture), Fortune 50

 

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executive and venture capital investing. He is a 2010 recipient of Ellis Island Medal of Honor. Since March 2019, Mr. Moazami has served as the Managing Partner of Seif Capital, a venture capital and advisory firm he founded. Since February 2021, he has also served as Chairman of the Board of Astrea Acquisition Corporation (Nasdaq: ASAXU). From April 2013 to December 2018, Mr. Moazami served as Managing Director of CNTP, a novel global tech investment firm he founded to combine the best attributes of the venture capital and private equity business models. Prior to this, he spent 11 years as a member of the Cisco executive staff where he most recently was on the senior leadership team of the Emerging Markets which covered 132 countries. He has served on a variety of boards including Zoomdata, Aerospike, vArmour, Frame, Deep Instinct and Kaazing. Mr. Moazami received a Bachelor’s of Science from University of California, San Diego and a Masters in Engineering from Stanford University. We believe Mr. Moazami is well-qualified to serve on our Board based on his business experience and relationships and contacts.

Vincent Kane, Director

Mr. Kane joined our Board on October 28, 2021. Mr. Kane has served as Senior Director & Actuary of Health and Group Benefits at Willis Towers Watson, a global risk management, insurance brokerage and advisory company, since February 2011, and he continues to serve in this role. As a Senior Director, Mr. Kane provides senior actuarial consulting on client strategic design, pricing, financial analysis, health analytics and intellectual capital development at Willis Towers Watson New England. Previously, he was an actuary at Tufts Health Plan, Verisk Health, Manulife Financial and Aetna. Mr. Kane received a B.A. from Harvard University and an M.A. from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

We believe that Mr. Kane is qualified to serve as a member of our Board based on his perspective and experience leading health analytics and intellectual capital development projects, and his experience in the health care industry.

Colleen DiClaudio, Director

Ms. DiClaudio joined our Board on October 28, 2021. Ms. DiClaudio has served as President and Founder of 340B Technologies d/b/a Nuvem since August 2014, and she continues to serve in this role. Ms. DiClaudio also continues to serve SRAX, Inc. as a member of its Board since September 2017, and she served as vice president of business development of CompleteCare Health Network from June 2009 through August 2014.

As President and Founder of 340B Technologies DBA Nuvem, Ms. DiClaudio oversees day-to-day operations. She received a master’s degree of Public Health from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and a bachelor’s degree in Public Health from Stockton University.

We believe that Ms. DiClaudio is qualified to serve as a member of our Board based on her experience in business development and the healthcare technology sector, as well as her entrepreneurial background.

Sagiv Shiv, Director

Mr. Shiv joined our Board on February 1, 2023. Mr. Shiv has served as the Managing Director and the Head of M&A and Advisory Services at Aldwych Capital Partners. His professional experiences include leading the M&A teams at National Securities Corp., StoneX Inc. and Merriman Capital. Mr. Shiv has advised governments, agencies, private and public companies, and financial institutions, with a particular focus on cross-border and international assignments. Mr. Shiv also serves on the board of directors and is the chairman of the audit committee of Lomiko Metals Inc. (TSX-V:LMR) since December 2021. He has served on the boards of several publicly-traded companies, as well as on the boards of private entities and charities. From May 2021 to October 2022, Mr. Shiv served as a Managing Director and Head of M&A of B. Riley Financial, Inc. From January 2016 to October 2022, Mr. Shiv served as a Managing Director and Head of M&A of National Securities Corporation. Mr. Sagiv lectures at the IESE Graduate School of Business and the Griffith School of Management at Emanuel

 

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University, he has served as a peer reviewer on international finance for the Journal of Financial Management and Global Finance Journal and has advised on several published academic papers. Sagiv was an associate editor of the Nanotechnology Law & Business Journal, a member of the American Finance Association and the Financial Management Association. Mr. Sagiv holds a B.Sc. in Finance and Ph.D. International Finance. Mr. Sagiv is the recipient of the M&A Deal of the Year Award (cross-border, under $500 million) for 2014 and of the Turnaround Deal of the Year Award (healthcare, under $50 million) for 2019. Mr. Shiv holds Series 7, 63, 24 and 99 securities licenses with FINRA.

We believe that Mr. Shiv is qualified to serve as a member of our Board of directors based on his perspective and experience leading strategic corporate operations and his financial expertise and experience in the capital markets.

Family Relationships

There are no family relationships between any of the directors or officers named above.

Number and Terms of Office of Officers and Directors

Our Board has seven members, four of whom are deemed “independent” under SEC and Nasdaq rules.

Our officers are appointed by the Board and serve at the discretion of the Board, rather than for specific terms of office. Our Board is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forth in our Certificate of Incorporation as it deems appropriate.

Director Independence

Nasdaq listing standards require that a majority of our Board be independent. An “independent director” is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship with the company which in the opinion of the company’s Board, could interfere with the director’s exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. We have “independent directors” as defined in Nasdaq’s listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Our Board has determined that Sagiv Shiv, Vincent Kane, Mohsen Moazami and Colleen DiClaudio, are “independent directors” as defined in the Nasdaq listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Our independent directors have regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present.

Committees of the Board

Our Board has two standing committees: an audit committee and a compensation committee. Subject to phase-in rules and a limited exception, the rules of Nasdaq and Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act require that the audit committee of a listed company be comprised solely of independent directors. Subject to phase-in rules and a limited exception, the rules of Nasdaq require that the compensation committee of a listed company be comprised solely of independent directors. Each committee operates under a charter that has been approved by our board and has the composition and responsibilities described below. The charter of each committee will be available on our website.

Audit Committee

We have established an audit committee of the Board. Applicable rules of the Nasdaq require a listed company’s audit committee to be comprised of three independent directors within one year of listing. Sagiv Shiv, Colleen DiClaudio, and Vincent Kane serve as members of our audit committee. Mr. Shiv serves as the chairman of the audit committee. Each member of the audit committee meets the financial literacy requirements of Nasdaq and our Board has determined that Sagiv Shiv qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in applicable SEC rules and has accounting or related financial management expertise.

 

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The audit committee’s duties, which are specified in the charter adopted by us and include, but are not limited to:

 

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meeting with our independent registered public accounting firm regarding, among other issues, audits, and adequacy of our accounting and control systems;

 

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monitoring the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm;

 

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verifying the rotation of the lead (or coordinating) audit partner having primary responsibility for the audit and the audit partner responsible for reviewing the audit as required by law;

 

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inquiring and discussing with management our compliance with applicable laws and regulations;

 

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pre-approving all audit services and permitted non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm, including the fees and terms of the services to be performed, and establishing pre-approval policies and procedures;

 

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appointing or replacing the independent registered public accounting firm;

 

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determining the compensation and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accounting firm (including resolution of disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting) for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or related work;

 

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establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or reports which raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies;

 

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monitoring compliance on a quarterly basis and, if any noncompliance is identified, immediately taking all action necessary to rectify such noncompliance or otherwise causing compliance;

 

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obtaining and reviewing a report, at least annually, from the independent registered public accounting firm describing (i) the independent registered public accounting firm’s internal quality-control procedures, (ii) any material issues raised by the most recent internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the audit firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional authorities within the preceding five years respecting one or more independent audits carried out by the firm and any steps taken to deal with such issues and (iii) all relationships between the independent registered public accounting firm and us to assess the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence;

 

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reviewing and approving any related party transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC prior to us entering into such transaction;

 

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reviewing with management, the independent registered public accounting firm, and our legal advisors, as appropriate, any legal, regulatory or compliance matters, including any correspondence with regulators or government agencies and any employee complaints or published reports that raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies and any significant changes in accounting standards or rules promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC or other regulatory authorities;

 

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reviewing and discussing with management and the independent registered public accounting firm the annual audited financial statements, and recommending to the board whether the audited financial statements should be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K;

 

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approving reimbursement of expenses incurred by our management team in identifying potential target businesses; and

 

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reviewing and approving all payments made to our existing shareholders, executive officers or directors and their respective affiliates. Any payments made to members of our audit committee will be reviewed and approved by our Board, with the interested director or directors abstaining from such review and approval.

Compensation Committee

We have established a compensation committee of our Board. The members of our compensation committee are Sagiv Shiv, Colleen DiClaudio and Vincent Kane. Colleen DiClaudio serves as chairman of the compensation committee.

We have adopted a compensation committee charter, which details the principal functions of the compensation committee, including:

 

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reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation, evaluating our Chief Executive Officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives and determining and approving the remuneration (if any) of our Chief Executive Officer based on such evaluation;

 

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reviewing and approving the compensation of all of our other Section 16 executive officers;

 

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reviewing our executive compensation policies and plans;

 

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implementing and administering our incentive compensation equity-based remuneration plans;

 

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assisting management in complying with our proxy statement and annual report disclosure requirements;

 

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approving all special perquisites, special cash payments and other special compensation and benefit arrangements for our executive officers and employees;

 

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producing a report on executive compensation to be included in our annual proxy statement; and

 

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reviewing, evaluating and recommending changes, if appropriate, to the remuneration for directors.

The charter also provides that the compensation committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, legal counsel or other adviser and will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any such adviser. However, before engaging or receiving advice from a compensation consultant, external legal counsel or any other adviser, the compensation committee will consider the independence of each such adviser, including the factors required by Nasdaq and the SEC.

Director Nominations

We do not have a standing nominating committee, though we intend to form a corporate governance and nominating committee as and when required to do so by law or Nasdaq rules. In accordance with Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq rules, a majority of the independent directors may recommend a director nominee for selection by the Board. The Board believes that the independent directors can satisfactorily carry out the responsibility of properly selecting or approving director nominees without the formation of a standing nominating committee. The directors who will participate in the consideration and recommendation of director nominees are Sagiv Shiv, Vincent Kane and Colleen DiClaudio. In accordance with Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq rules, all such directors are independent. As there is no standing nominating committee, we do not have a nominating committee charter in place.

The Board will also consider director candidates recommended for nomination by our stockholders during such times as they are seeking proposed nominees to stand for election at the next annual meeting of stockholders (or, if applicable, a special meeting of stockholders). Our stockholders that wish to nominate a director for election to our Board should follow the procedures set forth in our bylaws.

 

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We have not formally established any specific, minimum qualifications that must be met or skills that are necessary for directors to possess. In general, in identifying and evaluating nominees for director, the Board considers educational background, diversity of professional experience, knowledge of our business, integrity, professional reputation, independence, wisdom, and the ability to represent the best interests of our stockholders.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of our executive officers currently serves, and in the past year has not served, as a member of the compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our Board.

Advisory Board

Our board of advisors assists the management team with sourcing and evaluating A.I. and healthcare business opportunities, and devising plans and strategies to optimize our market opportunities where A.I. and healthcare payer businesses intersect. None of our advisors have any fiduciary obligations to present business opportunities to us. Although we do not pay cash compensation to any of our advisors for their services, they are reimbursed for any-of-pocket expenses in connection with rendering their services and are eligible for stock option awards.

Michael Paas

Michael Paas is life sciences executive with experience in biopharmaceutical companies and in strategy consulting. Currently, he leads the Value & Access organization at AbbVie, a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company. Previously, he served in leadership positions for global market access and pricing at Regeneron and Bristol-Myers Squibb. He received a B.A. from The Johns Hopkins University, an M.P.H. from the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, and an M.B.A. from the Columbia Business School.

Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill is a long-time investor in in numerous private and publicly traded companies. He has been the managing general partner of SCP Partners, a multi-stage venture capital firm since its founding in 1996. Currently, he is also Board member of three public companies: Amkor Technology, Inc. (Nasdaq: AMKR), Innovative Solutions & Support, Inc. (Nasdaq: ISSC) and Recro Pharma, Inc. (Nasdaq: REPH). Previously, he served as Board member of MedStar Health, a $5.6 billion regional healthcare system based in Maryland. He received a B.S. from Fordham University, an M.A. in Economics from Oxford University as a Rhodes Scholar, and a J.D. degree from Yale Law School.

Ariel Zamir

Ariel Zamir is an artificial intelligence and deep learning leader with commercial deployment experience. Currently, he is the Chief Operating Officer and Israel General Manager of Cognigo, an A.I.-driven data protection platform that was acquired by NetApp in 2019. Previously, Ariel was the Vice President of Research & Development at Fifth Dimension and Research & Development Team Leader at Verint Systems. He received an M.B.A. from Kellogg-Recanati International.

Code of Ethics

We adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to our directors, officers, and employees. A copy of the Code of Ethics will be provided without charge upon request from us. We intend to disclose any amendments to or waivers of certain provisions of our Code of Ethics in a Current Report on Form 8-K.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who own more than 10% of our shares of common stock, to file reports regarding ownership of, and transactions in, our securities with the SEC and to provide us with copies of those filings.

 

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We have reviewed all forms provided to us or filed with the SEC. Based on that review and on written information given to us by our executive officers and directors, we believe that all Section 16(a) filings during the past fiscal year were filed on a timely basis and that all directors, executive officers and 10% beneficial owners have fully complied with such requirements during the past fiscal year.

 

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Summary Compensation Table

The following table provides summary information concerning cash and non-cash compensation paid or accrued for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2022 and 2021 to our named executive officers.

 

Name and Principal Position		Year				Salary ($)				Bonus ($)				Stock Awards ($)				All Other Compensation				Total ($)
Edmundo Gonzalez, Chief Executive Officer and Director (1)			2022			$	363,464				—				212,618				—			$	576,082
Edmundo Gonzalez, Chief Executive Officer and Director			2021			$	218,139				—				—				69,667			$	287,806
Lutz Finger, Former President, Product and Development (2)			2022			$	275,002				—				1,494,231				450,001			$	2,219,234
Lutz Finger, Former President, Product and Development			2021			$	—				—				—				—			$	—
Yoram Bibring, Chief Financial Officer (3)			2022			$	264,810				50,000				137,935				—			$	452,745
Yoram Bibring, Chief Financial Officer			2021			$	76,500				50,000								—			$	126,500

 

(1)

Edmundo Gonzalez joined Marpai Health as Chief Executive Officer since its inception in February 2019 and continues in this role with Marpai. This amount includes cash salary payments of $15,125 per month for CEO services as a consultant under a consulting agreement between Marpai Health and Grays West Ventures LLC dated July 29, 2019. Mr. Gonzalez became a Marpai employee on April 1, 2022. Mr. Gonzalez was issued 205,645 shares of our Class B common stock in exchange for his 205,645 restricted shares of Marpai Health on April 1, 2021.

(2)

Lutz Finger joined Marpai as President, Product and Development on February 28, 2022. Mr. Finger did not receive compensation of any kind from Marpai, or our subsidiaries, in 2021. He was awarded 336,539 Restricted Stock Units under the 2021 Plan with a fair value of $4.44 per share dated June 14, 2022. The Company and Mr. Finger entered into an advisory agreement and terminated his employment agreement dated February 28, 2022. Effective August 15, 2023, Mr. Finger is no longer an officer of the Company.

(3)

Yoram Bibring joined Marpai as Chief Financial Officer on September 1, 2021 and continues in this role. He was awarded 20,000 share of stock option under Global Stock Incentive Plan for exercise price of $16 per share date October 26,2021. He was awarded an additional 18,904 share of stock option under the 2021 Plan for the exercise price of $ 4.44 per share date June 14, 2022.

Director Compensation

On March 30, 2022, our Board, upon the recommendation of our Compensation Committee, approved the change of our independent directors’ compensation to an annual fee of $50,000, payable quarterly.

Other than as described above, we have no present formal plan for compensating our directors for their service in their capacity as directors. Directors are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of our Board as per policy approved by our Compensation Committee. The Board may award special remuneration to any director undertaking any special services on our behalf other than services ordinarily required of a director.

Other than indicated above, no director received and/or accrued any compensation for his or her services as a director, including committee participation and/or special assignments during fiscal year 2022.

 

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Benefit Plans

We maintain a defined contribution employee retirement plan, or 401(k) plan, for our full-time employees. Our named executive officers are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan on the same basis as our other full-time employees if they are considered an employee and not a consultant. The 401(k) plan is intended to qualify as a tax-qualified plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The 401(k) plan provides that each participant may make pre-tax deferrals from his or her compensation up to the statutory limit, which is $19,500 for calendar year 2022, and other testing limits. Participants that are 50 years or older can also make “catch-up” contributions, which in calendar year 2020 may be up to an additional $6,500 above the statutory limit. Participant contributions are held and invested, pursuant to the participant’s instructions, by the plan’s trustee.

We have no pension, or profit-sharing programs for the benefit of directors, officers, or other employees, but our officers and directors may recommend adoption of one or more such programs in the future. We do not sponsor any qualified or non-qualified pension benefit plans, nor do we maintain any non-qualified defined contribution or deferred compensation plans.

2021 Global Stock Incentive Plan

On May 7, 2021, our Board, and the holders of all our issued and outstanding shares of common stock approved the adoption of 2021 Plan which is comprised of (i) an Israeli Sub-Plan that is designated for Israeli residents; and (ii) a U.S. Sub-Plan for U.S. persons. The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, restricted stocks, restricted stock units, and other equity-based awards (collectively, the “Awards”). We had reserved a total of 375,855 shares of Class A common stock for grants of Awards to our employees, directors, advisory board members, consultants, and the like (collectively, the “Participants”) under the 2021 Plan (including the Israeli Sub-Plan and the U.S. Sub-Plan) or otherwise as shall be determined by the Board or any committee designated by it. No option grants shall be made under the 2021 Plan or the Israeli Sub-Plan until the date which is 30 days after filing the relevant forms with the Israeli Tax Authority (the “ITA”), or such earlier date at which the 2021 Plan may be approved by the ITA. At our annual stockholder meeting held on May 31, 2022, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2021 Plan to increase the available number of shares issuable pursuant to the 2021 Plan by 1,575,000 shares from 375,855 to 1,950,855. The 2021 Plan shall expire in May 2031.

On April 10, 2023, our Board approved, and on May 31, 2023, our shareholders approved, an amendment to the 2021 Plan for a one time increase of the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2021 Plan by 500,000 from 1,950,855 to 2,450,855.

If any Common Stock with respect to which the Participant has the right to purchase and/or receive under the 2021 Plan shall terminate, expire, or otherwise cease to exist, such Common Stock shall again be available for grant as Awards under the 2021 Plan. To date, incentive stock options for 1,584,075 shares of Class A common stock have been approved by the Board for grant under the 2021 Plan, with 217,681 shares terminating and returning to the plan pool, and 64,906 shares being exercised. As of December 31, 2022, 42% of the options grant have vested, 24%, 19%, 7%, and 1% will vest in 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, respectively. To date, RSUs for 508,988 shares of Class A common Stock have been approved by the board for grant under the 2021 plan. As of December 31, 2022, 90% have vested, 19% will vest in 2023 and 1% for the two following years.

Director and Officer Liability Insurance

We maintain director and officer liability insurance that provides financial protection for our directors and officers if they are sued in connection with the performance of their services and provides employment practices liability coverage, which insures for harassment and discrimination suits.

 

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Employment Agreements

Chief Executive Officer

On July 29, 2019, we entered into a one-year consulting agreement with Grays West Ventures LLC for consulting services from our Chief Executive Officer, Edmundo Gonzalez, which automatically renewed after an initial one-year term until April 1, 2021. Mr. Gonzalez received an annual base salary of $20,000 per month in 2019 and $15,125 in 2020, and compensation in the form of the right to purchase 205,645 shares of Marpai Health’s common stock in 2019. No equity awards were granted to Mr. Gonzalez during 2020. Mr. Gonzalez did not receive any annual bonus during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020. Mr. Gonzalez received benefits equal to $4,533.52 in 2019, and $14,197.81 in 2020.

On April 1, 2021, we entered into an at-will employment agreement with Mr. Gonzalez, which remains in effect as of the date of this prospectus. Mr. Gonzalez receives a base salary of $350,000 per year, and he may receive an annual bonus based on mutually agreed performance targets. Mr. Gonzalez receives participation in the company’s self-insured group medical and dental plan, a 401k plan with 5% contribution match by the company (up to allowed limits), and short-term and long-term disability benefits.

Mr. Gonzalez’s employment agreement provides that that he will be entitled to severance if we terminate his employment without “Cause” (as defined in the employment agreement), if he terminates his employment for “Good Reason” (as defined in the employment agreement) or following his death or permanent disability. In any event in which Mr. Gonzalez is entitled to severance pursuant to these provisions, we shall continue to pay Mr. Gonzalez his then-in-effect base salary and provide benefit continuation at our expense for a period of six months from the date of termination of employment if during his first year of employment; for a period of nine months from the date of termination of employment if terminated on or after the one-year anniversary but before the two-year anniversary of his employment date; and for twelve months from the date of termination of employment if he is terminated after the two-year anniversary of his employment. Any severance payable to Mr. Gonzalez shall be payable in equal installments in the same manner and in our regular payroll cycle as other salaried executive employees are paid.

Chief Financial Officer

On June 17, 2021, we entered into an at will employment agreement with our Chief Financial Officer, Yoram Bibring, which remains in effect as of this prospectus. Mr. Bibring has served as our Chief Financial Officer since September 1, 2021 and he receives a base salary of $255,000 per year. He may receive an annual bonus that is equal to 50% of the annualized rate of his base salary with the exception of Mr. Bibring’s target 2021 bonus, which is $75,000, based on mutually agreed performance targets. Mr. Bibring’s employment agreement also includes compensation in the form of 31,250 options to purchase Class A common stock, under our 2021 Plan, which will vest over four years. On October 26, 2021 Mr. Bibring was granted 20,000 options with an exercise price of $16.00 per share, with 3,906 vesting at the six-month anniversary of his initial employment, an additional 3,906 vesting at the first anniversary of his initial employment date, 642 vesting at each of the following 19 months after the first anniversary. The remaining 11,250 options are expected to be granted when and if our shareholders approve the increase of the pool reserved under the 2021 Plan. These options will vest in 17 equal monthly installments of 662 options commencing on May 1, 2024. Mr. Bibring’s employment agreement provides that full vesting will take place if Marpai is sold or otherwise in the event of a change in control of Marpai. Mr. Bibring receives participation in the company’s self-insured group medical and dental plan, a 401k plan with 5% contribution match by the company (up to allowed limits), and short-term and long-term disability benefits.

Mr. Bibring’s employment agreement provides that he will be entitled to severance if we terminate his employment of: (1) twelve months of his salary, target bonus and benefits, if Marpai is sold or in the event of a change of control of Marpai that results in his termination within 24 months; or (2) six months, for any other

 

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situation where we terminate his employment without cause. Any severance payable to Mr. Bibring shall be payable in equal installments in the same manner and in our regular payroll cycle as other salaried executive employees are paid.

Chief Operating Officer

Effective February 1, 2023, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Antebi pursuant to which he was appointed to serve as our Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Antebi’s initial term of employment will be for a period of one (1) year and will automatically renew for successive one (1) year periods unless either party delivers a notice of non-renewal at least one (1) month prior to the expiration of the then current period. Mr. Antebi’s employment may be terminated due to his death, disability, voluntary termination, or termination by us for cause or without cause.

Mr. Antebi will be paid an annual base salary of $325,000 per year and will be eligible for a bonus of up to 75% of his base salary depending on performance metrics as may be determined by the Board or our Compensation Committee. In addition, Mr. Antebi was paid a sign on bonus of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), payable in cash within fifteen (15) days following the start date of his employment. In addition, Mr. Antebi will be paid a renewal bonus of $50,000, payable in cash within fifteen (15) days following the second anniversary of the start date of his employment, should he and us agree to renew the term of the Agreement for a second year.

Pursuant to his agreement, and subject to the approval of the Board, Mr. Antebi will be eligible for an option to purchase seventy five thousand (75,000) shares of our common stock (the “Initial Award Option”). The exercise price shall be the market price on the date of grant as quoted on the Nasdaq. These options will vest quarterly over the initial one-year term. Mr. Antebi will also be eligible to receive an option to purchase seventy five thousand (75,000) shares of our common stock on the one year anniversary of his start date of employment, if renewed by both parties (the “Additional Award Option”).

In the event Mr. Antebi’s employment is terminated without cause, we do not offer to renew his Agreement after the expiration of the initial one year term or any one (1) year successive term or if Mr. Antebi terminates his employment for good reason, Mr. Antebi will be entitled to receive a severance payment of six (6) months of his base salary (paid in regular installments), the payment of any earned, but unpaid, annual bonus, and the options from the Equity Grant that have vested as of the employment termination date Initial Award Option or Additional Award Option that would have vested as of such termination date.

Former Chief Revenue Officer

We entered into an at will employment agreement with our Chief Revenue Officer, Arthur Hoath, IV, on March 9, 2021 which remained in effect until his termination on January 31, 2023. Mr. Hoath will receive a base salary of $240,000 per year, and compensation in the form of 10,000 options to purchase Class A common stock, under the company’s 2019 Global Share Incentive Plan. These 10,000 options will vest over four years with 25% vesting on the first anniversary, and 75% vesting monthly over the following 36 months. The exercise price per share shall be that of the company’s IPO price. Mr. Hoath received a signing bonus of $15,000, and he may receive a bonus of up to $90,000, for a Year 1 advance and mutually agreed commissions on net revenue. Mr. Hoath receives participation in the company’s self-insured group medical and dental plan, a 401k plan with 5% contribution match by the company (up to allowed limits), and short-term and long-term disability benefits.

Former President of Marpai Labs

On July 4, 2021, we entered into an at will employment agreement with our President of Marpai Labs, Alice Roth, which remained in effect until her termination on July 31, 2022. Ms. Roth receives a base salary of $70,000 NIS ($21,770, based on an exchange ratio of $0.311:1 NIS as of September 2, 2021) per month, and she may receive an annual bonus that is equal to 20% of the annualized rate of her base salary, based on mutually agreed

 

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performance targets. Ms. Roth’s employment agreement also includes compensation in the form of 31,250 options to purchase Class A common stock, under the Company’s 2021 Plan, which are expected to be granted following the next increase of the 2021 Plan pool. These 31,250 options will vest over four years with 25% of the options vesting on the first anniversary of the grant, 651 vesting at each of the following 35 months after the first anniversary, and 652 vesting at month 36. Ms. Roth receives executive benefits including group medical and dental insurance offered to all full-time salaried employees.

Ms. Roth’s employment agreement provides that that she will be entitled to severance if we terminate her employment in an amount equal to three months’ salary and social benefits. Any severance payable to Ms. Roth shall be payable in equal installments in the same manner and in our regular payroll cycle as other salaried executive employees are paid.

Former President, Product and Development

On February 28, 2022, we entered into an at will employment agreement with our President, Product Development, Lutz Finger. Mr. Finger will receive a base salary of $325,000 per year and will be eligible for a bonus of up to 50% of his base salary depending on performance metrics as may be determined by the Company’s Board or compensation committee. Mr. Finger was paid a sign on bonus (the “Sign on Bonus”) of $250,000, payable in $125,000 cash and $125,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s discretion. Mr. Finger’s employment Agreement also includes compensation in the form of the initial grant of $2,000,000 Class A common stock, which was granted on June 14, 2022. The initial grant will vest in equal quarterly installments during the twelve (12) month period following the start date of his employment. Additionally, Mr. Finger is eligible for receive a restricted stock grant on the one-year anniversary of his start date of employment of a number of shares of Class A common stock equal to $2,000,000 in the aggregate. The additional grant will vest in equal quarterly installments during the twelve (12) month period following the one (1) year anniversary of the start date of his employment. The initial grant and the additional grant are intended to be issued pursuant to the Company’s 2021 Plan.

Pursuant to an amendment to the employment agreement in February 2023, we and Mr. Finger agreed that the initial grant will vest equally on the later of the following dates or the date the initial grant is approved by the Board: May 28, 2022, August 28, 2022, November 28, 2022 and August 1, 2023. In addition, it was agreed that should Mr. Finger separate from us for any reason before August 1, 2023, the final vesting installment scheduled for August 1, 2023 shall accelerate to the date of separation. In addition, we and Mr. Finger agreed that we may pay 50% of the Sign on Bonus ($125,000) in cash on the one year anniversary of his start date and 50% will be paid in shares of Class A common stock.

In addition, if the Company elects to renew Mr. Finger’s employment upon the expiration of the initial two-year term, the Company has agreed to pay Mr. Finger a one-time renewal bonus of $250,000 payable in cash or shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, at the Company’s discretion. If paid in cash, such renewal bonus shall be paid within fifteen (15) days following the second anniversary of the start date of his employment, and if paid in shares such issuance shall be made following the twenty-four (24) month anniversary of the start date of his employment, subject to a twelve (12) month restriction period. If Mr. Finger’s employment with the Company is terminated for reasons other than by the Company without cause, by Mr. Finger for good reason, or due to Mr. Finger’s death or disability, within the second and third anniversaries of the start date of his employment, the Renewal Bonus will be repaid to the Company in full.

Mr. Finger’s employment agreement provides that he will be entitled to severance if (1) we terminate his employment of without cause, (2) if the Company does not offer to renew his employment agreement after the expiration of the initial two-year term or any one (1) year successive term or (2) if Mr. Finger terminates his employment for good reason. Mr. Finger will be entitled to receive a severance payment of six (6) months of his base salary (paid in regular installments), the payment of any earned, but unpaid, annual bonus, and the issuance of the balance of the shares of the Initial Grant or Additional Grant that would have vested as of such termination date.

 

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The Company executed a separation agreement with Mr. Finger, pursuant to which Mr. Finger’s position as the Company’s President of Product and Development was terminated effective as of August 15, 2023. On August 15, 2023, the Company executed an advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) with Mr. Finger pursuant to which Mr. Finger will continue to provide services to the Company.

Pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Company agreed to retain Mr. Finger for a set term through December 31, 2023, and commencing on January 1, 2024, the Advisory Agreement will continue and may be terminated by either party with thirty (30) days’ prior written notice. As consideration for Mr. Finger’s services thereunder, the Company has agreed to pay Mr. Finger a monthly retainer fee in the amount of $27,086 until December 31, 2023, increasing to $27,912 on January 1, 2024. In addition, the Company agreed to issue Mr. Finger 400,000 restricted stock units under the Company’s 2021 Plan which will fully vest on September 7, 2023. In addition, 96,154 restricted stock units previously issued to Mr. Finger will have their vesting accelerated to September 7, 2023.

If the market value of the 496,154 restricted stock units calculated based on the closing price on Nasdaq on September 6, 2023, will be less than $1,000,000, then the Company will pay Mr. Finger such difference in cash (the “Shortfall”). The Company will pay the Shortfall in three equal installments, on September 28, 2023, October 28, 2023 and November 28, 2023. If the market value of the 496,154 restricted stock units based on the closing price on Nasdaq on September 6, 2023 will exceed $1,000,000 (the “Excess”), then the restricted stock units equal to the value of the Excess will be cancelled by the Company on September 6, 2023, so that the total number of shares that vest on September 7, 2023 will equal $1,000,000.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In addition to the compensation arrangements, including employment, termination of employment and with our directors and executive officers, including those discussed in the sections titled “Management”, “Executive Compensation,” and “Description of Capital Stock,” the following is a description of each transaction since January 1, 2021 or any currently proposed transaction in which:

 

•

we, Marpai Health or Marpai Administrators have been or are to be a party;

 

•

the amount involved exceeded or exceeds $120,000 or 1% of the average of our total assets as of the end of the last two completed fiscal years; and

 

•

any of our directors, executive officers, or holders of more than 5% of our outstanding capital stock, or any immediate family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals or entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

Purchase and Reorganization Agreement

On April 1, 2021, we entered into the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement with Mr. Gonzalez, our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Eitan, our current Chairman of the Board, Dr. David, our Chief Science Advisor, and other then stockholders and holders of convertible notes of Marpai Health, Marpai Administrators, WellEnterprises USA, LLC, and for the sole purposes of a joinder in connection with the Guaranteed Obligations, HillCour. On May 7, 2021, parties entered into an addendum to the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement to correct interest miscalculations on certain Original MH Notes. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase and Reorganization Agreement, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Marpai Health and all of the outstanding membership interests of Marpai Administrators. Prior to the closing of the Acquisition in April 2021, Marpai Administrators was 100% owned by WellEnterprises USA LLC which was 100% owned by HillCour. HillCour is 100% owned by HillCour Holding Corporation. Our Director, Damien Lamendola, is the indirect majority owner of WellEnterprises USA, LLC and HillCour, and the direct majority owner of HillCour Holding Corporation.

Power of Attorney and Proxy

We, (i) HillCour Investment Fund, LLC and WellEnterprises USA, LLC (together, the “HillCour Founding Group”) and (ii) Eli David, Yaron Eitan, Edmundo Gonzalez and Grays West Ventures LLC (collectively, the “Grays Founding Group,” and together with the HillCour Founding Group, the “Co- Founders”) entered into an Agreement Relating to Voting Power Between Co-Founders of Marpai, Inc. and Grant of a Power of Attorney and Proxy (“Power of Attorney and Proxy”). Pursuant to the Power of Attorney and Proxy, the HillCour Founding Group granted the Grays Founding Group the right to vote 390,059 shares of our Class A common stock it held (“Proxy Shares”) on all matters relating to any of the following: (i) change to the composition of our Board; (ii) sale of all or substantially all of our assets or capital stock, or a merger involving us; (iii) replacement of our CEO or other executive officers; (iv) amendment or approval of any corporate documents or agreements in connection with our corporate structure or capital raising activities; (v) approval of our annual budget and business plan; and (vi) our acquisition, joint venture, or other collaborative agreements. Consequently, the HillCour Founding Group and the Grays Founding Group currently have the right to vote 978,317 and 978,317 shares of our capital stock, respectively. The Power of Attorney and Proxy also provides that the number of Proxy Shares is subject to adjustment from time to time so as to maintain as much as possible, equal voting power in us between the HillCour Founding Group on the one hand and the Grays Founding Group on the other, subject to certain exceptions related to transfer of shares by the parties. The Power of Attorney and Proxy is irrevocable and will remain in full force and effect until the earlier of (i) consummation of the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or the acquisition of us by a third party (by way of stock acquisition, merger, recapitalization or otherwise), or (ii) the time when the Grays Founding Group collectively owns fewer than 1,882,420 shares of our capital stock. For as long as this Power of Attorney and Proxy remains in effect, the HillCour Founding Group and the Grays Founding Group are therefore deemed to be a “group” under Rule 13d-5(d) of the Exchange Act.

 

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Pursuant to this Power of Attorney and Proxy, the Co-Founders have also agreed to vote all their shares for the election of (a) Damien Lamendola (or another nominee of the HillCour Founding Group), (b) Edmundo Gonzalez; and (c) Yaron Eitan (or up to two other nominees of the Grays Founding Group) as our directors.

Transition Services Agreement

On April 1, 2021, in order to enable Marpai Administrators and its employees to continue to operate in an effective manner immediately following the Acquisition, we entered into a Transition Services Agreement with WellEnterprises, LLC, HillCour, LLC and Marpai Administrators, pursuant to which WellEnterprises, LLC and HillCour, LLC provide Marpai Administrators transitional services through May 31, 2021 and in return, we pay HillCour, LLC for the time spent by employees and third party service providers on a cost- incurred basis. On May 7, 2021, we entered into a supplemental Transition Service Agreement whereby HillCour agreed to provide additional treasury and banking services to us through July 1, 2021 at a rate of $6,000 per month. The Transition Service Agreement terminated on July 1, 2021.

HillCour’s Financial Support

In March 2021, in connection with the audit of Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators, HillCour gave to each of Marpai Health and Marpai Administrators support letters (the “March Support Letters”) agreeing to provide (i) Marpai Health capital to fund its operating expenses until April 2022 if the Company is unable to secure enough funding or revenue to fund Marpai Health’s operations, which was projected at the time to be approximately between $3.5 million and $4.5 million, and (ii) Marpai Administrators capital to fund its operations through April 30, 2022, which was projected at the time to be between $6.5 million and $8.0 million.

In May 2021, the two March Support Letters were superseded by support letters (the “May Support Letters”) from HillCour which state that if Marpai, Inc. fails to (i) raise sufficient capital through private rounds of financings, or (ii) secure sufficient operating cash to fund its operating expenses, HillCour, subject to such further conditions, and in a form to be mutually determined, would provide Marpai, Inc. funding and financial support necessary to pay for its operating expenses so Marpai, Inc. is able to continue to operate in its normal course of business through July 31, 2022.

In August 2021, HillCour’s May Support Letter was superseded by a support letter (the “August Support Letter”) which provides that if Marpai, Inc. fails to (i) raise sufficient capital through private rounds of financings, or (ii) secure sufficient operating cash to fund its operating expenses, HillCour, subject to such further conditions, and in a form to be mutually determined, would provide Marpai, Inc. funding and financial support necessary to pay for its operating expenses so Marpai, Inc. is able to continue to operate in its normal course of business through September 2022.

On July 29, 2021, Marpai, Inc. issued to HillCour Investment Fund LLC a promissory note in the principal amount of up to $3,000,000 (the “HillCour Promissory Note”). Interest on the HillCour Promissory Note accrued at the rate of 6% per annum. All outstanding principal and accrued interests thereunder became due and payable on the earlier of (i) January 29, 2022, or (ii) closing of the IPO. Following the Company’s IPO on October 26, 2021, the Hillcour Promissory Note, including $3,000,000 of principal and $27,083 of interest, were repaid on November 2, 2021. In connection with the issuance of the HillCour Promissory Note, Marpai, Inc. also issued to HillCour Investment Fund, LLC warrants to purchase 56,250 Class A common stock at an exercise price of $16 per share. The warrants were exercised on December 10, 2021 for total proceeds of $900,000.

Consulting Agreement

In January 2021, Marpai Health entered into a consulting agreement with BrightMark Consulting, LLC (“BrightMark”), for certain marketing and branding services based on approved initiatives within our marketing budget. Ms. Lucas, a former member of our Board, is the Chief Executive Officer of BrightMark. Marpai Health

 

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paid an hourly fee ranging from $125 to $350 for branding services on a cost-incurred basis. As of March 2021, Marpai Health and BrightMark terminated its consulting agreement and continued the engagement of BrightMark on an as needed basis. As of each of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid an aggregate of $2,309,000 to BrightMark for its services.

Consulting Fees

The Company receives consulting services from various shareholders and directors, including Edmundo Gonzalez and Yaron Eitan in 2021 and Yaron Eitan in 2022. The total cost of these consulting services for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $208,000 and $1,100,000, respectively. The accounts payable to these certain shareholders as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was approximately $0 and $297,267, respectively, and are included in accounts payable on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

In April 2021, Marpai Health entered into a consulting agreement with Yaron Eitan for certain management consulting services where Marpai Health pays Mr. Eitan a monthly retainer of $15,000. Effective April 21, 2021, Marpai Health agreed to pay Mr. Eitan an additional fee of $7,750 per month for a total of $22,750 per month, payable until the earlier of company or Mr. Eitan decide to terminate or March 31, 2022.

In July 2023 Mr. Eitan’s consulting agreement was terminated by mutual agreement and the Company and Mr. Eitan entered into an employment agreement. Under the terms of the employment agreement, Mr. Eitan’s annual salary is $168,000 and he is entitled to the benefits typically afforded to employees of the Company. The employment agreement can be terminated at any time by the Company or Mr. Eitan.

The Company executed a separation agreement with Mr. Finger, pursuant to which Mr. Finger’s position as the Company’s President of Product and Development was terminated effective as of August 15, 2023. On August 15, 2023, the Company executed the Advisory Agreement with Mr. Finger pursuant to which Mr. Finger will continue to provide services to the Company.

Pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Company agreed to retain Mr. Finger for a set term through December 31, 2023, and commencing on January 1, 2024, the Advisory Agreement will continue and may be terminated by either party with thirty (30) days’ prior written notice. As consideration for Mr. Finger’s services thereunder, the Company has agreed to pay Mr. Finger a monthly retainer fee in the amount of $27,086 until December 31, 2023, increasing to $27,912 on January 1, 2024. In addition, the Company agreed to issue Mr. Finger 400,000 restricted stock units under the Company’s 2021 Plan which will fully vest on September 7, 2023. In addition, 96,154 restricted stock units previously issued to Mr. Finger will have their vesting accelerated to September 7, 2023.

If the market value of the 496,154 restricted stock units calculated based on the closing price on Nasdaq on September 6, 2023, will be less than $1,000,000, then the Company will pay Mr. Finger such difference in cash. The Company will pay the Shortfall in three equal installments, on September 28, 2023, October 28, 2023 and November 28, 2023. If the market value of the 496,154 restricted stock units based on the closing price on Nasdaq on September 6, 2023 will exceed $1,000,000, then the restricted stock units equal to the value of the Excess will be cancelled by the Company on September 6, 2023, so that the total number of shares that vest on September 7, 2023 will equal $1,000,000.

Sublease

The Company entered into sublease with Emporus Technologies, Ltd, (“Emporus”) in which Yaron Eitan, the Company’s chairman serves as its chairman. The sublease ended as of January 1, 2022. The total sublease income for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $0 and $69,000, respectively. The accounts receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was approximately $0 and $40,000, respectively, and is

 

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included in other receivables on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In April 2023, following the termination of its lease agreement relating to its Tel Aviv offices, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, EYME, entered into a nine months sublease agreement with Emporus. Under the terms of the sublease agreement, EYME pays Emporus NIS 18,200 monthly and 50% of the maintenance costs of the office. The agreement will terminate on December 31, 2023.

Policy for Approval of Related Party Transactions

Our Board adopted our Code of Ethics requiring us to avoid, wherever possible, all conflicts of interests, except under guidelines or resolutions approved by our Board (or the appropriate committee of our Board) or as disclosed in our public filings with the SEC. Under our Code of Ethics, conflict of interest situations includes any financial transaction, arrangement, or relationship (including any indebtedness or guarantee of indebtedness) involving Marpai, Inc.

Our Code of Ethics is posted on our Internet website at https://www.marpaihealth.com/. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Conduct by posting such information on the website address specified above.

In addition, the audit committee of our Board will adopt a charter, providing for the review, approval and/or ratification of “related party transactions,” which are those transactions required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K as promulgated by the SEC, by the audit committee. At its meetings, the audit committee shall be provided with the details of each new, existing, or proposed related party transaction, including the terms of the transaction, any contractual restrictions that the company has already committed to, the business purpose of the transaction, and the benefits of the transaction to the company and to the relevant related party. Any member of the committee who has an interest in the related party transaction under review by the committee shall abstain from voting on the approval of the related party transaction, but may, if so, requested by the chairman of the committee, participate in some or all of the committee’s discussions of the related party transaction. Upon completion of its review of the related party transaction, the committee may determine to permit or to prohibit the related party transaction. Our audit committee will review on a quarterly basis all payments that were made by us to our sponsor, officers, or directors, or our or any of their affiliates.

These procedures are intended to determine whether any such related party transaction impairs the independence of a director or presents a conflict of interest on the part of a director, employee, or officer.

Class B Conversion

On June 28, 2021, Eli David, Yaron Eitan, Edmundo Gonzalez, Grays West Ventures LLC, HillCour Investment Fund, LLC, and WellEnterprises USA, LLC converted an aggregate of 231,954 shares of the Company’s Class B common stock they held into 1,056,742 shares of Class A common stock on a one-to-one basis (“Class B Conversion”). Until the Class B conversion, the Company was authorized to issue two classes of common stock, Class A common stock and Class B common stock. The issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock were converted into Class A common stock as described above, and the authorized class of Class B common stock was eliminated with the filing of the Second Amended and Restated Charter.

 

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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth certain information, to our best knowledge and belief, as of August 23, 2023 (unless provided herein otherwise), with respect to holdings of our shares of common stock by (1) each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the total number of our shares of common stock outstanding as of such date; (2) each of our directors; (3) each of our named executive officers; and (4) all of our directors and our executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person listed below is c/o Marpai, Inc., 615 Channelside Drive, Suite 207, Tampa, FL, 33602.

 

Name of Beneficial Owner		Beneficial Number of Shares (1)				Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned
Directors and Named Executive Officers
Edmundo Gonzalez (2)			473,706				6.3	%
Yaron Eitan (3)			323,294				4.4	%
Yoram Bibring (4)			38,562				*
Gonen Antebi (5)			65,451				*
Damien Lamendola (6)			1,748,988				23.6	%
Sagiv Shiv			7,292				*
Colleen DiClaudio (7)			27,951				*
Vincent Kane (8)			37,011				*
Mohsen Moazami (9)			36,458				*
All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (9 Persons) (10)			7,854,091				35.1	%
5% Stockholders
Lutz Finger (11)			734,772				9.4	%

 

*	less than 1%

(1)

Based on 7,289,178 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of August 23, 2023. Except as otherwise indicated, we believe that the beneficial owners of the shares of common stock listed above, based on information furnished by such owners, have sole investment and voting power with respect to such shares, subject to community property laws where applicable. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities.

Shares subject to options, warrants or right to purchase or through the conversion of a security currently exercisable or convertible, or exercisable or convertible within 60 days, are reflected in the table above and are deemed outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of the person holding such option or warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

 

(2)

Consists of (i) 222,047 shares of the Class A common stock, held directly by Edmundo Gonzalez, (ii) 78,278 shares of the Company’s common stock held by Grays West Ventures LLC (“Grays West”), of which Mr. Gonzalez is the sole member, and over which Mr. Gonzalez has sole voting and dispositive power, (iii) 94,913 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants at an exercise price of $31.60 per share expiring on February 9, 2026 held by Grays West, of which Mr. Gonzalez is the sole member, and over which Mr. Gonzalez has sole voting and dispositive power, and (iv) options to purchase 116,077 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 78,469 are vested.

(3)

Consists of (i) 241,454 shares of the Class A common stock, held directly by Yaron Eitan, (ii) 56,948 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants at an exercise price of $31.60 per share expiring on February 9, 2026, and (iv) options to purchase 62,500 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 24,892 are vested.

 

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(4)

Consists of (i) 1,250 shares of the Class A common stock, and (ii) options to purchase 20,000 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $16.00 per share, of which 11,604 are vested, (iii) options to purchase 18,904 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 7,654 are vested, and, (iv) options to purchase 50,000 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $3.16 of which 18,054 are vested.

(5)	Consists of (i) options to purchase 43,750 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 27,951 are vested, and, (ii) options to purchase 75,000 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $3.48 per share, of which 37,500 are vested.

(6)

Comprised of (i) 701,306 shares of Class A common stock, held directly by HillCour Investment Fund, LLC, of which Mr. Lamendola is the Manager, and over which he holds the voting and dispositive power, (ii) 931,674 shares of the common stock held directly by WellEnterprises USA, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of HillCour, Inc., which is wholly owned by HillCour Holdings LLC (f/k/a HillCour Holding Corporation) (“HillCour Holdings”), a corporation controlled by Mr. Lamendola, and Mr. Lamendola holds the voting and dispositive power over the securities held by WellEnterprises USA, LLC, (iii) 91,117 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants at an exercise price of $5.72 per share expiring on January 17, 2025 held directly by HillCour Investment Fund, LLC, of which Mr. Lamendola is the Manager, and over which he holds the voting and dispositive power, and (iv) options to purchase 62,500 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 24,892 are vested.

(7)	Consists of options to purchase 43,750 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 27,951 are vested.

(8)	Consists of (i) 17,792 shares of the Class A common stock, and (ii) options to purchase 30,083 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 19,219 are vested.

(9)	Consists of options to purchase 43,750 shares of Class A common stock, exercisable at $4.44 per share, of which 36,458 are vested.

(10)	Consists of 2,193,801 shares of Class A common stock, 242,977 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants and vested options to purchase 321,936 shares of common stock.

(11)

Consists of (i) 238,618 shares of the Class A common stock, and (ii) 496,154 restricted stock units of Class A common stock which will vest on September 1, 2023. The Company and Mr. Finger entered into the Advisory Agreement and terminated his employment agreement dated February 28, 2022. Effective August 15, 2023, Mr. Finger is no longer an officer of the Company.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following summary is a description of the material terms of our share capital. We encourage you to read our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws which have been filed with the SEC, as well as the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

General

Our authorized capital stock currently consists of 227,791,050 shares of capital stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which all are designated as Class A common stock. The authorized and unissued shares of common stock are available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless such action is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange on which our securities may be listed. Unless approval of our stockholders is so required, our Board does not intend to seek stockholder approval for the issuance and sale of our common stock.

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share. Our Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms expire are elected for a term of office to expire at the succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election. The holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by our Board out of legally available funds; however, the current policy of our Board is to retain earnings, if any, for operations and growth. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets that are legally available for distribution.

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, LLC. Their address is 6201 15th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11219, telephone: (718) 921-8300, (800) 937-5449.

Meetings of Stockholders

An annual meeting of our stockholders shall be held on the day and at the time as may be set by our Board, at which the stockholders shall elect the board of directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. All annual meetings of stockholders are to be held at our registered office in the State of Delaware or at such other place as may be determined by our Board.

Special meetings of our stockholders may be called for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, by our Board, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer, President or other executive officer of the Company, or at the request, in writing, of the stockholders of record, and only of record, owning not less than one-quarter of the entire capital stock of the Company issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be confined to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice for such meeting.

Anti-Takeover Effect of Delaware Law, Certain Charter and Bylaw Provisions

We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

•

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

•

the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (i) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

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•

on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a business combination to include:

 

•

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

•

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

 

•

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder; or

 

•

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation and any entity or person affiliated with, or controlling, or controlled by, the entity or person. The term “owner” is broadly defined to include any person that, individually, with or through that person’s affiliates or associates, among other things, beneficially owns the stock, or has the right to acquire the stock, whether or not the right is immediately exercisable, under any agreement or understanding or upon the exercise of warrants or options or otherwise or has the right to vote the stock under any agreement or understanding, or has an agreement or understanding with the beneficial owner of the stock for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of the stock.

The restrictions in Section 203 do not apply to corporations that have elected, in the manner provided in Section 203, not to be subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law or, with certain exceptions, which do not have a class of voting stock that is listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 stockholders. Our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws do not opt out of Section 203.

Section 203 could delay or prohibit mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts with respect to us and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire us even though such a transaction may offer our stockholders the opportunity to sell their stock at a price above the prevailing market price.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in our control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares, or transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. Therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price of our common stock. Among other things, our Certificate of Incorporation and bylaws:

 

•

provide that the authorized number of directors shall be fixed from time to time by resolution adopted by a majority of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of our capital stock then entitled to vote at an election of directors voting together as a single class;

 

•

provide that all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law, be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify. A vacancy created by the removal of a director by the stockholders may be filled by the stockholders;

 

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•

do not provide for cumulative voting rights (therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose);

 

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provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called by resolution of our Board, or by our Chief Executive Officer, or by the holders of not less than one-quarter of all of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting; and

 

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set forth an advance notice procedure with regard to the nomination, other than by or at the direction of our Board, of candidates for election as directors and with regard to business to be brought before a meeting of stockholders.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer and Trust Company, LLC. Their address is 6201 15th Avenue, 2nd Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11219, telephone: (718) 921-8300, (800) 937-5449.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MRAI.”

Options

As of August 23, 2023, we had outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 1,418,489 shares of our Class A common stock, with a weighted-average exercise price of approximately $4.27 per share.

Warrants

As of August 23, 2023, we had outstanding warrants to purchase 91,117 shares of our Class A common stock at $5.72 per share, a warrants to purchase 242,977 shares of our Class A common stock at $31.60 per share, warrant to purchase 78,125 shares of our Class A common stock at $20.00 per share and warrant to purchase 92,500 shares of our Class A common stock at $5.00 per share.

Representative’s Warrants

We have agreed to issue to ThinkEquity, upon the consummation of this offering, warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of                shares of Class A common stock (5% of the common stock sold in this offering, including any common stock sold upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option). The representative’s warrants are exercisable at a per share price equal to 125% of the public offering price per share in this offering (excluding the over-allotment option). The representative’s warrants are exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, commencing on the six month anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and expiring on the date that is five years following the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Rule 144

Pursuant to Rule 144, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares of our Common Stock or warrants for at least six months would be entitled to sell their securities provided that (i) such person is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale and (ii) we are subject to the Exchange Act periodic reporting requirements for at least three months before the sale and have filed all required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the 12 months (or such shorter period as we were required to file reports) preceding the sale.

Persons who have beneficially owned restricted shares of our Common Stock or warrants for at least six months but who are our affiliates at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale, would be subject to additional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of securities that does not exceed the greater of:

 

•

1% of the total number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding; or

 

•

the average weekly reported trading volume of the Common Stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale.

Sales by our affiliates under Rule 144 are also limited by manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.

Restrictions on the Use of Rule 144 by Shell Companies or Former Shell Companies

Rule 144 is not available for the resale of securities initially issued by shell companies (other than business combination related shell companies) or issuers that have been at any time previously a shell company. However, Rule 144 also includes an important exception to this prohibition if the following conditions are met:

 

•

the issuer of the securities that was formerly a shell company has ceased to be a shell company;

 

•

the issuer of the securities is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act;

 

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the issuer of the securities has filed all Exchange Act reports and material required to be filed, as applicable, during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports and materials), other than Form 8-K reports; and

 

•

at least one year has elapsed from the time that the issuer filed current Form 10 type information with the SEC reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company.

 

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK

The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock acquired in this offering by a “non-U.S. holder” (as defined below), but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all the potential tax considerations relating thereto. This summary is based upon the provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as of the date hereof. These authorities may be changed, possibly retroactively, so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those set forth below. We have not sought, and do not intend to seek, any ruling from the IRS, with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will agree with such statements and conclusions.

This summary also does not address the tax considerations arising under the laws of any state or local or non-U.S. jurisdiction or under U.S. federal gift and estate tax rules, or rising out of other non-income tax rules, except to the limited extent set forth below. In addition, this discussion does not address tax considerations applicable to an investor’s particular circumstances or to investors that may be subject to special tax rules, including, without limitation:

 

•

banks, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts or other financial institutions;

 

•

persons subject to the alternative minimum tax or the tax on net investment income;

 

•

persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to our common stock being taken into account in an applicable financial statement;

 

•

tax-exempt organizations or governmental organizations;

 

•

pension plans and tax-qualified retirement plans;

 

•

controlled foreign corporations, passive foreign investment companies and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;

 

•

partnerships or other entities or arrangements treated as partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and investors therein);

 

•

brokers or dealers in securities or currencies;

 

•

traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings;

 

•

persons that own, or are deemed to own, more than five percent of our capital stock (except to the extent specifically set forth below);

 

•

certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;

 

•

persons who hold our common stock as a position in a hedging transaction, “straddle,” “conversion transaction” or other risk reduction transaction or integrated investment;

 

•

persons who hold or receive our common stock pursuant to the exercise of any option or otherwise as compensation;

 

•

persons who do not hold our common stock as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment); and

 

•

persons deemed to sell our common stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code.

In addition, if a partnership, entity or arrangement classified as a partnership or flow-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner generally will depend on the

 

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status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership or other entity. A partner in a partnership or other such entity that will hold our common stock should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock through a partnership or other such entity, as applicable.

This summary is for informational purposes only and is not tax advice. Each non-U.S. holder is urged to consult its own tax advisor with respect to the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to its particular situation, as well as any tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock arising under the U.S. federal gift or estate tax rules or under the laws of any state, local, non-U.S. or other taxing jurisdiction or under any applicable tax treaty.

Non-U.S. Holder Defined

For purposes of this discussion, a “non-U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of our common stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is neither a “U.S. person” nor an entity (or arrangement) treated as a partnership. A “U.S. person” is any person that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as any of the following:

 

•

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

•

a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof, or otherwise treated as such for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

 

•

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

•

a trust (x) whose administration is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and that has one or more U.S. persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (y) that has made a valid election under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

Distributions

As described in the section titled “Dividend Policy,” we have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock, and we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock following the completion of this offering. However, if we do make distributions of cash or property on our common stock to non-U.S. holders, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent those distributions exceed both our current and our accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will first constitute a return of capital and will reduce each non-U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in our common stock, but not below zero. Any additional excess will then be treated as capital gain from the sale of stock, as discussed below under “Gain on Disposition of Common Stock.”

Subject to the discussions below on effectively connected income, and backup withholding and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”), withholding, any dividend paid to a non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax either at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the dividend or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such non-U.S. holder’s country of residence. In order to receive a reduced treaty rate, such non-U.S. holder must provide the applicable withholding agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or other appropriate version of IRS Form W-8 certifying qualification for the reduced treaty rate. A non-U.S. holder of shares of our common stock eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. federal withholding tax pursuant to an income tax treaty may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. If such non-U.S. holder holds our common stock through a financial institution or other agent acting on the non-U.S. holder’s behalf, the non-U.S. holder will be required to provide appropriate documentation to such agent, which then will be required to provide certification to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. Each non-U.S. holder should consult its own tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable income tax treaty.

 

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Dividends received by a non-U.S. holder that are treated as effectively connected with such non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, such non-U.S. holder maintains a permanent establishment or fixed base in the United States to which such dividends are attributable) are generally exempt from the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, subject to the discussion below on backup withholding and FATCA withholding. To claim this exemption, a non-U.S. holder must provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI or other applicable IRS Form W-8 properly certifying such exemption. Such effectively connected dividends, although not subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, are taxed at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. persons, net of certain deductions and credits, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. In addition, if a non-U.S. holder is a corporation, dividends such non-U.S. holder receives that are effectively connected with its conduct of a U.S. trade or business may also be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such non-U.S. holder’s country of residence. Each non-U.S. holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock, including any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.

Gain on Disposition of Common Stock

Subject to the discussion below regarding backup withholding, a non-U.S. holder generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other disposition of our common stock unless:

 

•

the gain is effectively connected with such non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a U.S. trade or business (and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, such non-U.S. holder maintains a permanent establishment or fixed base in the United States to which such gain is attributable);

 

•

such non-U.S. holder is an individual who is present in the United States for an aggregate 183 days or more during the taxable year in which the sale or disposition occurs and certain other conditions are met; or

 

•

our common stock constitutes a United States real property interest (“USRPI”), by reason of our status as a United States real property holding corporation (“USRPHC”), for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

We believe that we are not currently and will not become a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the remainder of this discussion so assumes. However, because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our U.S. real property interests relative to the fair market value of our U.S. and worldwide real property interests plus our other business assets, there can be no assurance that we will not become a USRPHC in the future. Even if we become a USRPHC, however, as long as our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market, your common stock will be treated as U.S. real property interests only if you actually (directly or indirectly) or constructively hold more than 5% of such regularly traded common stock at any time during the shorter of the five-year period preceding your disposition of, or your holding period for, our common stock.

A non-U.S. holder described in the first bullet above will be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on the gain derived from the sale (net of certain deductions and credits) under regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates. Such a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation may be subject to the branch profits tax at a 30% rate on a portion of its effectively connected earnings and profits for the taxable year that are attributable to such gain, as adjusted for certain items. A lower rate may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

A non-U.S. holder described in the second bullet above will be subject to tax at 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on the gain derived from the sale, which gain may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of such non-U.S. holder for the taxable year, provided such non-U.S. holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.

Each non-U.S. holder should consult its own tax advisor regarding any applicable income tax or other treaties that may provide for different rules.

 

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Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Generally, we or an applicable withholding agent must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the amount of dividends paid to such non-U.S. holder, such non-U.S. holder’s name and address, and the amount of tax withheld, if any, with respect to such dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Pursuant to any applicable income tax treaty or other agreement, the IRS may make such report available to the tax authority in such non-U.S. holder’s country of residence.

Such information reporting and backup withholding requirements may be avoided, however, if such non-U.S. holder establishes an exemption by providing a properly executed, and applicable, IRS Form W-8, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, such information reporting and backup withholding requirements will not apply to a non-U.S. holder where the transaction is affected outside the United States, through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker. Notwithstanding the foregoing, backup withholding and information reporting may apply, however, if the applicable withholding agent has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that such non-U.S. holder is a U.S. person.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax; rather, the U.S. federal income tax liability of persons subject to backup withholding will be reduced by the amount of tax withheld. If withholding results in an overpayment of taxes, a refund or credit may generally be obtained from the IRS, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner.

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)

Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code, Treasury Regulations issued thereunder and related official IRS guidance, commonly referred to as FATCA, generally impose a U.S. federal withholding tax of 30% on dividends on our common stock paid to a “foreign financial institution” (as defined under FATCA, and which may include banks, traditional financial institutions, investment funds, and certain holding companies), unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury to, among other things, identify accounts held by certain “specified United States persons” or “United States-owned foreign entities” (each as defined under FATCA), report annually substantial information about such accounts, and withhold on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. FATCA also generally imposes a U.S. federal withholding tax of 30% on dividends on our common stock paid to a “non-financial foreign entity” (as specially defined under FATCA), unless such entity provides identifying information regarding each direct or indirect “substantial United States owners” (as defined under FATCA), certifies that it does not have any substantial United States owners, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Accordingly, the institution or entity through which our common stock is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding is required.

The withholding obligations under FATCA generally apply to dividends on our common stock. Such withholding will apply regardless of whether the beneficial owner of the payment otherwise would be exempt from withholding pursuant to an applicable tax treaty with the United States, the Code, or other exemptions described above. Under certain circumstances, a non-U.S. holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.

Under proposed regulations, FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds has been eliminated. Taxpayers generally may rely on these proposed regulations until final Treasury Regulations are issued.

An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify the requirements described in this section. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the application of FATCA withholding to their investment in, and ownership and disposition of, our common stock.

The preceding discussion of U.S. federal tax considerations is for general information only. It is not tax advice to investors in their particular circumstances. Each prospective investor should consult its own tax advisor regarding the particular U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of our common stock, including the consequences of any proposed change in applicable laws.

 

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UNDERWRITING

ThinkEquity LLC (“ThinkEquity”) is acting as representative of the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of an underwriting agreement between us and the representative, we have agreed to sell to each underwriter named below, and each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares of common stock listed next to its name in the following table:

 

Underwriters		Number of Shares
ThinkEquity LLC
Total

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus are subject to various conditions and representations and warranties, including the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and other conditions specified in the underwriting agreement. The shares of common stock are offered by the underwriters, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify the offer to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus if any such shares of common stock are taken, other than those shares of common stock covered by the over-allotment option described below.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

Over-Allotment Option

We have granted a 45-day option to the representative of the underwriters to purchase up to additional shares of our common stock, solely to cover over-allotments, if any. If the representative exercises all or part of this option, it will purchase shares covered by the option at the public offering price per share that appears on the cover page of this prospectus, less the underwriting discount. If this option is exercised in full, the total offering price to the public will be $                million and the total net proceeds, before expenses, to us will be $                million.

Discounts and Commissions

The underwriters propose initially to offer the shares of common stock to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to dealers at those prices less a concession not in excess of $                per share of common stock. If all of the shares of common stock offered by us are not sold at the public offering price, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms by means of a supplement to this prospectus.

The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds before expenses to us. The information assumes either no exercise or full exercise of the over-allotment option we granted to the representative of the underwriters.

 

Per Share

Total Without Over- allotment Option

Total With Over- allotment Option

Assumed public offering price

$

$

$

Underwriting discount (7%)

$

$

$

Proceeds, before expenses, to us

$

$

$

Non-accountable expense allowance (1%)

$

$

$

 

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